遮蔽/解蔽:论科技焦虑与科幻小说的关系  

Concealment/Unconcealment:Relation Between Technological Anxiety and Science Fiction

作　　者：赵思琪 ZHAO Siqi(School of Humanities,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学人文学院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期98-110,共13页Journal of Shanghai University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家资助博士后研究人员计划(GZC20231612);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(24YJC752026)。

摘　　要：随着第四次工业革命的到来,现代技术的飞速发展引发了人们前所未有的科技焦虑。科幻小说作为一种与科技发展紧密相关的文学形式,与科技焦虑之间存在特殊的关联机制,然而学界对此的研究尚不充分。科技焦虑的本质是由“集置”引发的“可能性的纠缠”,即“集置”在为现实世界解蔽的同时,又以无穷的可能性遮蔽其本真。科幻小说呈现的往往是基于技术新奇推想出的一种“尚未存在的可能性”,通过对超现实世界的解蔽,实现一种可能性的具象化,从而回应现实世界的科技焦虑。科幻小说中的技术新奇是一种“技艺”的存在,既对超现实世界进行建构,又对现实世界进行观照。科幻小说作为一种游离于遮蔽与解蔽之间的“关于可能性的艺术”,呈现出多样性与复杂性,对于科技焦虑的消解具有相对性与局限性。With the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution,the rapid development of modern technology has triggered unprecedented technological anxiety.As a literary form closely tied to technological development,science fiction has a unique relational mechanism with technological anxiety.However,academic research on this topic remains insufficient.The essence of technological anxiety lies in the“entanglement of possibilities”caused by“enframing,”wherein“enframing”unconceals the real world while simultaneously concealing its authenticity with infinite possibilities.Science fiction,often based on speculations about technological novum,represents“possibilities that have not occurred.”By unconcealing surreal worlds,it materializes possibilities and thereby responds to the technological anxiety of the real world.The technological novum in science fiction as a way of revealing is in the sense of“technê,”which not only constructs surreal worlds but also reflects upon the real world.As an“art of possibilities”oscillating between concealment and unconcealment,science fiction exhibits diversity and complexity,with its ability to alleviate technological anxiety,albeit relatively and limitedly.

关 键 词：科技焦虑 科幻小说 海德格尔 技术哲学 集置 遮蔽 解蔽 

分 类 号：I0-05[文学—文学理论]