智能比重式种子分选控制系统设计  

Design of intelligent specific gravity type seed sorting control system

作　　者：程丽娟 何强龙 张博彦 刘建明 CHENG Lijuan;HE Qianglong;ZHANG Boyan;LIU Jianming(School of Control Engineering,Xinjiang Institute of Engineering,Urumqi Xinjiang 830022,China;Xinjiang Industry Technical College,Urumqi Xinjiang 830022,China;Jiuquan Ok Seed Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Jiuquan Gansu 735000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆工程学院控制工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830022 [2]新疆轻工职业技术学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830022 [3]酒泉奥凯种子机械股份有限公司,甘肃酒泉735000

出　　处：《农业工程》2025年第1期50-55,共6页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2022D01B138)。

摘　　要：随着种子分选技术的不断发展,对种子分选过程中的自动化分选技术要求也越来越高。为了提高种子分选效率和自动化水平,减少损失和能源消耗,提出了一种全新的基于单片机的智能比重式种子分选控制系统。该系统使用单片机控制,不仅实现了种子分选效率的提升,而且具备多种安全性保障,如数据可视化、声光报警等。结合种子分选工艺流程,首先明确了控制系统软件及硬件设计方案,其次搭建试验装置并开展系统除尘、振动效果数据测试。试验表明,在2min内,当筛面平均风速2.01m/s、振动电机频率55Hz时,筛面没有大面积杂质堆积现象,可以实现谷物中轻杂质与优良种子的分选,谷物种子分选效果最佳。With continuous development of seed sorting technology,requirements for automatic sorting technology in seed sorting pro-cess were getting higher and higher.In order to improve efficiency of seed sorting and automation level,reduce loss and energy con-sumption,a new intelligent specific gravity seed sorting control system based on single-chip microcomputer was proposed.The system used single-chip microcomputer control to not only improve efficiency of seed sorting,but also has a variety of safety guarantees,such as data visualization,sound and light alarm,etc.Combined with seed sorting process,firstly,a set of detailed design scheme of con-trol system software and hardware was clarified,and then test device was built,data test of system dust removal and vibration effect was carried out.Experiment showed that in experimental time of 2 min,when average wind speed of sieve surface was 2.01 m/s and fre-quency of vibrating motor was 55 Hz,there was no large-area impurity accumulation phenomenon on sieve surface,which could realize sorting of light impurities and excellent seeds in grain,and grain seed sorting effect was the best.

关 键 词：种子分选 比重式 单片机 自动控制 分选效率 

分 类 号：S24[农业科学—农业电气化与自动化]