热带海洋大气环境下道岔扣件关键零部件锈蚀机理研究  

Study on Corrosion Mechanism of Key Components of Turnout Fasteners in Tropical Marine Environment

作　　者：徐超 王晨阳 胡莲俊 刘甜甜 王玉婷 张倩 孙旭文 冯博宇 杨其全 XU Chao;WANG Chenyang;HU Lianjun;LIU Tiantian;WANG Yuting;ZHANG Qian;SUN Xuwen;FENG Boyu;YANG Qiquan(Metals and Chemistry Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Haikou Comprehensive Maintenance Division,Hainan Railway Corporation Limited,Haikou Hainan 570300,China;Beijing Advanced Material Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]海南铁路有限公司海口综合维修段,海口570300 [3]北京中铁科新材料技术有限公司,北京100081

出　　处：《高速铁路新材料》2025年第1期7-13,共7页Advanced Materials of High Speed Railway

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2023YJ063)。

摘　　要：为分析热带海洋气候下道岔弹条和T型螺栓的锈蚀机理及影响因素,对海南岛某高铁线路上现场抽取的锈蚀扣件进行了宏观形貌观察,光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜微观组织、锈蚀层的化学成分能谱和XRD物相检测分析。结果表明:高湿热、高盐雾气候条件与微动磨损致防锈涂层脱落、缝隙腐蚀等服役条件综合作用于扣件表面,使某些部位发生了较快的电化学腐蚀,生成α-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH和Fe_(3)O_(4)等锈蚀产物,锈层为存在孔洞和缝隙的疏松组织,难以为基体提供有效保护。对于已经没有有效防腐涂层的服役扣件,应及时替换为具有更强结合力及抗腐蚀性能的涂覆工艺的扣件;在铁路巡检中应对扣件朝向地面及与垫板接触的隐蔽位置进行重点观测。In order to explore the corrosion mechanism and influencing factors of the turnout elastic strip and T-bolt under tropical marine environment,the turnout fasteners taken from a high-speed railway in southeast coast of China were investigated by macroscopic morphology,microstructure observed under optical microscope and scanning electron microscope,chemical composition energy spectrum and X-ray diffractometer(XRD).The results show that the combined effects of high humidity,heat and salt mist,antirust coating shedding as fretting wear and crevice corrosion can accelerate electrochemical corrosion on the fastener surface,generate the corrosion products of α-FeOOH,γ-FeOOH,Fe_3O_4,and a loose structure with holes and cracks,which can′t effectively protect the substrate.For fasteners without effective anticorrosive coating in service should be replaced with coating with stronger adhesion and corrosion resistance in time.During the railway inspection and maintenance,the hidden positions facing the ground of the fasteners should be focused on.

关 键 词：弹条 T型螺栓 锈蚀机理 影响因素 热带海洋气候 

分 类 号：U213.53[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]