糙米膳食纤维通过肠道菌群和胆汁酸调控肥胖小鼠脂代谢紊乱  

Brown Rice Dietary Fiber Regulates Lipid Metabolism Disorders in High-Fat Diet Mice through Intestinal Flora and Bile Acid

作　　者：李傲翔 綦文涛 刘欣果 黄铮昱 方微 LI Aoxiang;QI Wentao;LIU Xinguo;HUANG Zhengyu;FANG Wei(National Engineering Laboratory of Deep Processing of Rice and By-products,College of Food Science and Engineering,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004;Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration,Beijing 100037;School of Health Science and Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学食品科学与工程学院稻谷及副产物深加工国家工程实验室,长沙410004 [2]国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院,北京100037 [3]上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院,上海200093

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2025年第1期122-131,共10页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研刊业务费专项(ZX2447,ZX2435)。

摘　　要：目的:研究糙米膳食纤维对高脂饮食小鼠脂代谢的影响。方法:选取30只C57BL/6J雄性小鼠,按体质量随机分为对照组、高脂饮食组和糙米膳食纤维组,每组10只。每周测量体质量并记录采食量。14周时,测定小鼠体脂分布、血液脂代谢相关指标等,观察肝脏和附睾脂肪组织学变化,收集结肠内容物进行肠道菌群和胆汁酸代谢组学分析。结果:糙米膳食纤维降低了高脂饮食小鼠体质量,抑制了其体质量增加(P<0.05);小鼠血液中甘油三酯和脂多糖水平显著降低(P<0.05)。此外,小鼠体脂率、附睾脂肪细胞尺寸、肝脏脂肪体积和空泡数量均降低。肠道菌群分析表明,糙米膳食纤维干预增加了高脂饮食小鼠肠道Ace和Chao1指数(P<0.05);在门水平,糙米膳食纤维提高了拟杆菌门相对丰度,降低了脱硫菌门丰度和厚壁菌门与拟杆菌门比例(P<0.05);在属水平,糙米膳食纤维促进了有益菌粪杆菌的增殖,降低了罗姆布茨菌、乳杆菌、肠球菌和链球菌的相对丰度(P<0.05)。胆汁酸代谢组学结果表明,糙米膳食纤维增加了整体胆汁酸水平,降低了12α-OH和非12α-OH胆汁酸的比例(P<0.05)。牛磺鹅去氧胆酸、石胆酸、猪去氧胆酸和β-熊去氧胆酸等非12α-OH胆汁酸含量显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:糙米膳食纤维能够通过调控小鼠肠道菌群和非12α-OH胆汁酸水平,有效改善高脂饮食诱导的脂代谢紊乱。Objective:To investigate the effects of brown rice dietary fiber on lipid metabolism in high-fat diet mice.Methods:Thirty C57BL/6J male mice were selected and randomly divided into control group,high-fat diet group and brown rice dietary fiber group according to body weight,with 10 mice in each group.Body weight was measured and food intake was recorded weekly.At 14 weeks,body fat distribution,blood lipid metabolism related indicators of mice were measured,adipose histological changes in liver and epididymis were observed,and colon contents were collected for intestinal flora and bile acids metabolomics analysis.Results:Brown rice dietary fiber reduced the body weight and inhibited the increase in body weight of high-fat diet mice(P<0.05);the levels of triglycerides and lipopolysaccharides in the blood of mice were significantly reduced(P<0.05).In addition,body fat percentage,epididymal adipocyte size,liver fat volume and vacuole number were all reduced in mice.The results of intestinal flora analysis showed that brown rice dietary fiber intervention increased intestinal Ace and Chao1 indices in high-fat diet mice(P<0.05).At the phylum level,brown rice dietary fiber increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidota,and decreased Desulfobacterota abundance and the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidota(F/B)(P<0.05).At the genus level,brown rice dietary fiber promoted the relative abundance of the beneficial bacterium Faecalibaculum and reduced the relative abundance of Romboutsia,Lactobacillus,Enterococcus,and Streptococcus(P<0.05).Bile acid metabolomics results showed that brown rice dietary fiber increased overall bile acids levels and decreased the ratio of 12?琢-OH to non-12?琢-OH bile acids(P<0.05).The levels of non-12?琢-OH bile acids such as taurine chenodeoxycholic acid,lithocholic acid,hyodeoxycholic acid,andβ-ursodeoxycholic acid were significantly elevated(P<0.05).Conclusion:Brown rice dietary fiber can effectively improve high-fat diet-induced lipid metabolism disorders by regulating the intestinal flo

关 键 词：糙米膳食纤维 肥胖 脂代谢 肠道菌群 非12α-OH胆汁酸 

分 类 号：TS210.1[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]