曲轴随动磨削的变角速度运动学建模  

Kinematic Modeling of Variable Revolving Speed in Follow-Up Grinding of Crankshafts

作　　者：刘乃羽 张为民[1] 张欣哲 何剑喜 薛峰 LIU Naiyu;ZHANG Weimin;ZHANG Xinzhe;HE Jianxi;XUE Feng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Bosch(Rexroth)China Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai Representative Office,Shanghai 200335,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学机械与能源工程学院,上海201804 [2]博世(力士乐)中国有限公司上海代表处,上海200335

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2025年第2期1-5,11,共6页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0114100)。

摘　　要：加工曲轴连杆颈等偏心圆零件广泛采用随动磨削方法,但恒角速度进给造成较大的磨削力波动,引起圆度误差和粗糙度等质量问题。为抑制磨削力波动研究磨削点运动和磨削力的关系,进而建立曲轴随动磨削变角速度运动模型,通过优化砂轮移动速度和连杆颈转速抑制磨削力波动,对所建模型进行了仿真并通过在Rexroth MTX数控系统台架实验验证了其有效性。研究结果表明,在给定工艺参数和工件参数的情况下,可以通过砂轮移动和主轴转动的特定运动关系,实现变角速度对随动磨削过程磨削力波动的补偿,改善随动磨削平稳性及磨削表面质量。The grinding process of crankshaft journals extensively employs the follow-up grinding method.Nevertheless,the grinding force fluctuations associated with workpieces constant angular velocity result in machining quality issues such as poor roundness and surface roughness.For the purpose of suppressing grinding force fluctuations,developing a variable angular velocity kinematical model by analyzing the dynamics at the grinding contact point.The model optimizes the trajectory of the grinding wheel and the revolving speed of the connecting-rod journal,and the effectiveness of the mathematical model was verified through simulations on MATLAB and bench experiments on the Rexroth MTX NC system.The validation results indicate that it can establish a specific kinematic relationship between the grinding wheel′s movement and the spindle′s rotation under given process and workpiece parameters,realizing follow-up grinding crankshaft and the compensation of force fluctuation,thus bolstering the grinding′s stability and improving the quality of grinding surfaces.

关 键 词：随动磨削 曲轴连杆颈 运动学建模 磨削力 切点跟踪 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG58[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]