胰腺癌mRNA疫苗的研究进展  

Advances in mRNA vaccines for pancreatic cancer

作　　者：黄鸿才 余华 HUANG Hongcai;YU Hua(College of Medicine and Life Sciences,Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 611130,P.R.China;Department of General Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 610072,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]成都中医药大学医学与生命科学学院,成都611130 [2]成都中医药大学附属医院普外科,成都610072

出　　处：《中国普外基础与临床杂志》2025年第2期244-251,共8页Chinese Journal of Bases and Clinics In General Surgery

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目-重点研发项目(项目编号:2022YFS0201);四川省中医药管理局科学技术研究专项课题(项目编号:2023MS637)。

摘　　要：目的探讨mRNA疫苗作为胰腺癌个体化精准治疗新策略的可行性。方法回顾性收集国内外近年来关于胰腺癌中疫苗研究的相关文献并进行综述。结果胰腺癌因其肿瘤间和肿瘤内的异质性,导致基于细胞、外泌体、蛋白质、肽或DNA的常规胰腺癌疫苗的疗效未达预期,而mRNA疫苗因其精确靶向、低毒性、能够诱导持久免疫记忆等优势,被视为胰腺癌治疗有前景的替代疗法。通过在肿瘤抗原识别、免疫亚型区分和mRNA疫苗构建上的突破,胰腺癌mRNA疫苗的研制策略已进一步推动个体化精准医疗的发展。现有的mRNA疫苗通常需与其他免疫治疗方法结合以提高疗效,而且预防性疫苗的开发仍在探索阶段。结论mRNA作为一种创新且有前景的载体,为胰腺癌疫苗的开发提供了新的希望。然而由于常规疫苗的局限性以及胰腺癌本身的肿瘤异质性特点,使胰腺癌疫苗研究面临不小挑战,而mRNA疫苗的优势使它用于治疗胰腺癌成为可能。面对胰腺癌复杂特征的挑战,需要更多的研究来支持实现mRNA疫苗在临床治疗中的转化应用。Objective To explore feasibility of mRNA vaccines as a novel strategy for individualized precision treatment of pancreatic cancer(PC).Method The recent domestic and international literature on vaccine research in PC was reviewed.Results The heterogeneity between and within the pancreatic tumors had limited the efficacy of traditional vaccines based on cells,exosomes,proteins,peptides,or DNA for PC.The mRNA vaccine was considered as a promising alternative therapy due to its precise targeting,low toxicity,and ability to induce long-lasting immune memory.Breakthroughs in the tumor antigen recognition,immune subtype differentiation,and mRNA vaccine construction,the development strategy of PC mRNA vaccine would further facilitate the development of personalized precision medicine.The existing mRNA vaccines usually need to be combined with other immunotherapy methods to improve efficacy,while the development of preventive vaccines is still exploraing.Conclusions mRNA vaccines,as an innovative and promising platform,offer a new hope for the development of PC vaccines.However,the heterogeneity of PC has resulted in poor efficacy with traditional vaccines.Although the limitations of traditional vaccines and the heterogeneity of PC itself,the more challenges of vaccine research of PC is facing,the advantages of mRNA vaccine still make it possible to treat PC.In the face of the challenge of complex characteristics of PC,more research is needed to support the transformation and application of mRNA vaccine in clinical therapy.

关 键 词：胰腺癌 精准治疗 癌症疫苗 mRNA疫苗 肿瘤抗原 免疫亚型 

分 类 号：R735.9[医药卫生—肿瘤]