5个汉麻品种花和叶的香气成分研究  

Research on aroma components in flowers and leaves of five cultivars of Cannabis sativa

作　　者：练冬梅 姚运法 李洲 吴松海 洪建基 LIAN Dongmei;YAO Yunfa;LI Zhou;WU Songhai;HONG Jianji(Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangzhou 363005)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院亚热带农业研究所,漳州363005

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2024年第6期920-928,共9页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家麻类产业技术体系试验站项目(CARS-16S07);“5511”协同创新工程(XTCXGC2021019)共同资助。

摘　　要：为明确不同汉麻品种花和叶的香气成分,以同一栽培条件下的5个品种(‘brosom’、‘cherry’、‘hemp7’、‘寒麻’和‘中纤1号’)雌株盛花期为材料,利用顶空-气相色谱/质谱联用技术对花、叶香气成分进行检测。结果表明5个品种花香及叶香成分各具特色。5个品种在相对含量0.1%以上的花香物质共检测出43种,‘brosom’花香成分30种,‘cherry’7种,‘hemp7’28种,‘寒麻’25种,‘中纤1号’19种。单萜类物质为花的绝对优势成分,‘cherry’花单萜类相对含量最高(98.15%),‘brosom’花倍半萜含量最高(27.51%),其中α-蒎烯是‘cherry’、‘寒麻’和‘中纤1号’绝对优势成分。5个品种共检测出51种叶香物质,‘brosom’叶香成分33种,‘cherry’19种,‘hemp7’31种,‘寒麻’26种,‘中纤1号’31种,‘brosom’叶中倍半萜含量(59.24%)和醇类含量(11.03%)显著高于其余4个品种,‘cherry’叶中单萜类含量(84.91%)和酯类含量(8.64%)显著高于其他品种。通过相似性和聚类分析,‘寒麻’花香与‘中纤1号’花香相似率最高(0.995),‘brosom’香气成分组成最为独特,单独一类。α-蒎烯、β-蒎烯、D-柠檬烯、石竹烯和β-金合欢烯在5个品种花、叶中的差异表达,丰富了汉麻花和叶在香气成分方面的基础知识。In order to determine the aroma components in flowers and leaves of different C.sativa cultivars,five female cultivars including‘brosom’(‘Bs’),‘cherry’(‘Cr’),‘hemp7’(‘H7’),‘hanma’(Hm)and‘zhongxian 1’(‘Zx1’)under the same cultivation conditions at full flowering stage were used as materials,and the aroma components in the flowers and leaves were detected by HS-GC/MS(head space-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry)technology.The results showed that the flowers and leaves aroma components of the five cultivars had their own characteristics.A total of 43 kinds of flowers aroma substances with relative content of more than 0.1%were detected in the five culti-vars,and 30,7,28,25 and 19 kinds of flowers aroma components were identified in‘Bs’,‘Cr’,‘H7’,‘Hm’and‘Zx1’,respectively.Monoterpenes were the main components,with the highest relative content(98.15%)of monoterpenoids in the‘Cr’flowers,the highest sesquiterpene content(27.51%)in the‘Bs’flowers,and the dominant component ofα-pinene in the‘Cr’,‘Hm’and‘Zx1’.A total of 51 kinds of leaves aroma substances were detected in the five cultivars,33,19,31,26 and 31 kinds of leaves aroma components were identified in‘Bs’,‘Cr’,‘H7’,‘Hm’and‘Zx1’,respec-tively.The contents of sesquiterpene(59.24%)and alcohol(11.03%)in the leaves of‘Bs’were significantly higher than those in other four cultivars.The contents of monoterpenoids(84.91%)and esters(8.64%)in the leaves of‘Cr’were significantly higher than those in the other cultivars.According to their aroma similarity and cluster analysis,the aroma similarity rate of‘Hm’and‘Zx1’was the highest(0.995),and‘Bs’aroma components composition was the most unique,fell into one group.The differential expression ofα-Pinene,β-Pinene,D-Limonene,caryophyllene andβ-Farnesene in the flowers and leaves of C.sativa enriched the basic knowledge on aroma components.

关 键 词：汉麻 花 叶片 香气成分 顶空-气相色谱/质谱联用 

分 类 号：S563.3[农业科学—作物学]