上海市中学生饮食、体育活动、不良情绪与近视的关联分析  

Association analysis of diet,physical activity,adverse emotions,and myopia in middle school students in Shanghai

作　　者：尹灿灿 严琼 祁月 乐贵珍 罗春燕[1] YIN Cancan;YAN Qiong;QI Yue;YUE Guizhen;LUO Chunyan(Institute of Child and Adolescent Health,Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市疾病预防控制中心儿童青少年健康所,上海200336

出　　处：《教育生物学杂志》2025年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Bio-education

基　　金：上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023—2025年)重点学科建设项目(GWVI-11.1-31)。

摘　　要：目的分析饮食、体育活动、不良情绪与近视的关系,为促进青少年近视防控提供参考。方法基于2021年上海市16个区的青少年健康危险行为监测数据,获取学生基本情况、饮食、体育活动、不良情绪及近视等相关信息,采用二元Logistic回归分析近视的影响因素。结果17409名中学生的数据纳入分析。自报近视患病率为70.18%。控制性别、学段、学习时长、屏幕使用、网络成瘾和睡眠时长后,吃甜点每天≥1次、因学习压力或成绩感到心情不愉快可增加近视的患病风险(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.11~1.49;OR=1.14,95%CI:1.03~1.26),每天体育活动60 min以上则是近视的保护因素(OR=0.90,95%CI:0.81~0.99)。此外,每天长时间课外学习和睡眠不足7 h也会增加近视的患病风险(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.10~1.29;OR=1.19,95%CI:1.10~1.29)。结论需加强对青少年健康行为的管理,在近视防控方面可重点关注过度摄入甜点和因学习压力或成绩感到心情不愉快者。Objective To analyze the associations between diet,physical activity,adverse emotions,and myopia in middle school students,and provide reference for promoting myopia prevention and control in adolescents.Methods Based on the monitoring data of adolescent health risk behaviors from 16 districts of Shanghai in 2021,relevant information on students’basic situation,diet,physical activity,adverse emotions,and myopia was obtained.Binary Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of myopia.Results Data of 17409 middle school students were included in the analysis.The self-reported prevalence of myopia was 70.18%.After controlling for gender,grade,study duration,screen usage time,internet addiction,and sleep duration,eating desserts at least once a day and feeling unhappy due to academic pressure or poor scores increased the risk of myopia(OR=1.29,95%CI:1.11-1.49;OR=1.14,95%CI:1.03-1.26).Engaging in physical activity for more than 60 min/d was a protective factor for myopia(OR=0.90,95%CI:0.81-0.99).In addition,prolonged extracurricular study and insufficient sleep(<7 h/d)also increased the risk of myopia(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.10-1.29;OR=1.19,95%CI:1.10-1.29).Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the management of adolescent health behaviors,and in terms of myopia prevention and control,special attention should be paid to those who consume excessive sweets and feel unhappy due to academic pressure or poor scores.

关 键 词：饮食 体育活动 不良情绪 近视 中学生 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科] R179[医药卫生—临床医学]