生命早期细颗粒物暴露与孤独症谱系障碍患病风险相关性的研究进展和展望  

Association of risk of autism spectrum disorder with early life exposure to particulate matter:research progress and prospects

作　　者：顾雯敏 季星[2] GU Wenmin;JI Xing(Shanghai No.25 Middle School,Shanghai 200090,China;Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatric and Child Care,Xinhua Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市二十五中学,上海200090 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院发育行为儿童保健科,上海200092

出　　处：《教育生物学杂志》2025年第1期64-70,共7页Journal of Bio-education

摘　　要：孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)是严重的儿童神经发育障碍。ASD的致病机制和发病原因目前尚不清楚。尽管遗传因素可能是ASD发病的主要因素,然而仅有一小部分ASD可以用染色体结构异常或者单基因变异解释。一般认为遗传和环境因素的交互作用在ASD的发病机制中至关重要。空气污染是人类社会面临的主要污染之一,细颗粒物(particulate matter 2.5,PM_(2.5))是重要的空气污染物。近年来,不少研究关注了生命早期PM_(2.5)暴露与ASD患病风险之间的关系。该文围绕这一问题进行综述,并就当前研究的局限以及未来进一步研究方向展开讨论。Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder in children.Currently,the pathology and causes of ASD remain unclear.Although genetic factors play an important role in ASD,only a small proportion of ASD cases can be explained by chromosomal abnormalities or monogenic variations.It is generally believed that the genetic and environmental interaction is essential in the pathogenesis of ASD.Air pollution is one of the major problemsfaced by human society,and particulate matter 2.5(PM_(2.5))is an important air pollutant.In recent years,many studies have focused on the association of the risk of ASD with early life exposure to PM_(2.5).This article reviews this issue,and discusses the limitations of current research and future research directions.

关 键 词：细颗粒物 孤独症谱系障碍 生命早期 空气污染 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] X513[医药卫生—临床医学]