成为赛博格:“自救者”及其自建的“人-机-身”交流通道  

Becoming a Cyborg:Self-Rescuers and Their Self-Built Human-Machine-Body Communication Channels

作　　者：张微 ZHANG Wei

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学新闻学院,北京100872

出　　处：《湖南师范大学社会科学学报》2025年第1期140-149,共10页Journal of Social Science of Hunan Normal University

基　　金：中国人民大学2021年度“中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项资金”(20RXW164)。

摘　　要：智能传播时代,机器和生物体之间的关系已经发生深刻变化,控制论赛博格从实验室走向了人们的日常生活。控制论赛博格指数字智能技术不只是局限于模仿和辅助肢体,而是直接连接和进入人类身体内部系统,形成“第二大脑”和人体及机体之间的独立交流与反馈回路。通过对必须体外输注胰岛素治疗的1型糖尿病患者的民族志研究发现,1型糖尿病患者经历了从“手动给药”到数字化“给药”、自动化“给药”和智能化“给药”的技术变迁,形成了几代人不同的技术生命。为了追求更好的生命状态、生存方式和生活品质,糖尿病患者通过“DIY人工胰腺”实现了技术的可定制与自主性,成为不完全依赖权威医学和商业科技的“自救者”,他们也在自建“人-机-身”交流通道的过程中成为现实意义上的控制论赛博格。然而,这一群体仍然面临着技术无法达及之处的现实困境,“成为赛博格”面临社会与科技风险、经济与知识水平等多重制约。研究“自救者”,可提供从人和人体的视角研究当代赛博格的思路,为智能传播研究提供新视角。In the era of intelligent communication,the relationship between machines and organisms has undergone profound changes,as cybernetic cyborgs have transitioned from laboratory constructs to everyday life.Cybernetic cyborgs meanthat digital intelligent technologies go beyond merely mimicking or assisting physical limbs,but directly integrate with and interact within the internal systems of the human body.This creates a“second brain”and establishes independent communication and feedback loops between human body and machine.Ethnographic research on individuals with type 1 diabetes,who need external insulin infusion,reveals a technological transformation from manual administration to digital,automated,and intelligent systems.These transformations have resulted in generations of distinct technological lives.In pursuit of improved well-being,lifestyle,and quality of life,these individuals have developed DIY artificial pancreas systems,achieving customization and autonomy.This makes them“self-rescuers”,who are less reliant on authoritative medical and commercial techno-logies,and actualizes their role as cybernetic cyborgs by self-constructing human-machine-body communication channels.However,this group of people still face the practical dilemma of technological limitations,with the path to“becoming a cyborg”being constrained by multiple challenges related to social and technological risks,economic conditions,and knowledge levels.This study offers a new perspective for researching contemporary cyborgs from the viewpoint of the human and their bodies,serving as a fresh angle for intelligent communication research.

关 键 词：赛博格 控制论 智能传播 赛博格身体 人工胰腺 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生] G206[文化科学—传播学]