成长与异化:“城市型”新生代乡村教师情感劳动的特征和影响因素  

Growth and Alienation:The Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Emotional Labor of the New Generation of Urban Teachers Working in Rural Areas

作　　者：蒋喜锋[1] 何文 JIANG Xifeng;HE Wen(School of Education,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang 330022,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学教育学院,南昌330022

出　　处：《教育学报》2025年第1期117-130,共14页Journal of Educational Studies

基　　金：江西省高校人文社会科学研究规划项目“基于‘文化回应’的教师专业发展路径研究”(JY18114);江西省学位与研究生教育教学改革研究项目“小学教育硕士培养‘专业实践-学位论文’一体化改革研究”(JXYJG-2019-041)。

摘　　要：“城市型”新生代乡村教师作为乡村教育持续发展的中坚力量,合理限度的情感劳动是其职业适应及专业发展的重要前提。借助情感劳动理论,采用质性访谈法探究“城市型”新生代乡村教师情感劳动的特征和影响因素。研究发现,乡村教育情境,以及这一情境中发生于教育教学、职业发展和行政事务等领域的情感事件,直接影响着“城市型”新生代乡村教师情感劳动策略的选择,如表层表演、深层表演和自然表达等,同时也造成了他们高强度的情感劳动,这导致他们在获得专业情感成长的同时,亦出现了情感倦怠、情感耗竭等情感异化问题。个体因素、组织因素和社会—文化因素是“城市型”新生代乡村教师情感劳动负荷加剧的深层原因,如何使“城市型”新生代乡村教师的情感劳动保持在合理的限度,促进其专业情感成长、消除情感异化是亟待思考的问题。As the backbone of the sustainable development of rural education,the emotional labor of the new generation of urban teachers working in rural areas is an important prerequisite for career adaptation and professional development.Based on the theory of emotional labor,the study used qualitative interviews to explore the characteristics and influencing factors of the emotional labor of the new generation of urban teachers working in rural areas.The study found that the rural education context,as well as the emotional events occurring in this context in the fields of education,teaching,professional development and administrative affairs,directly affect the choice of emotional labor strategies of the new generation of urban teachers working in rural areas,such as surface acting,deep acting and genuinely expressing.It also creates a high intensity of emotional labor,where on the one hand they gain professional emotional growth,and on the other hand they experience emotional burnout,emotional exhaustion,and other problems of emotional alienation.Individual,organizational and socio-cultural factors are the deep-seated reasons for the state of emotional labor of the new generation of urban teachers working in rural areas.How to keep the emotional labor of the new generation of urban teachers working in rural areas within reasonable limits,promote their professional emotional growth and eliminate emotional alienation is an urgent issue to be considered.

关 键 词：“城市型”新生代乡村教师 情感劳动 教师情感成长 教师情感异化 

分 类 号：G451.4[文化科学—教育学]