商事调解协议之履行问题研究——基于优化营商环境视角的观察  

Research on the Performance of Commercial Mediation Agreements--An Observation Based on the Perspective of Optimizing the Business Environment

作　　者：孙大伟[1] SUN Dawei

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院法学研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《政治与法律》2025年第1期97-108,共12页Political Science and Law

摘　　要：商事调解对于改善我国营商环境及促进国际商事纠纷的解决具有重要意义。商事调解协议作为当事人意思表示一致的结果,具有民事合同性质。商事调解协议对当事人之间实体法律关系的形成具有重要影响,调解协议相对于原合同具有履行上的优先性。商事调解机构、调解员的专业性及特定程序的设置,确保了调解结果的正当性,调解协议具有超出民事合同之外的转化执行机制。《新加坡调解公约》赋予商事调解协议以直接执行力,我国执行机关有权对申请执行的协议进行审查。若要避免形成国内与国际商事调解协议效力双轨制,最为根本的是大力发展国内商事调解并逐步完善我国相关法律制度。Commercial mediation plays a significant role in improving business environment in China and facilitating the resolution of international commercial disputes.As a result of the meeting minds of parties,the commercial mediation agreement enjoys the nature of a civil contract.Commercial mediation agreements have a significant impact on the formation of substantive legal relationships between parties,and mediation agreements have priority over the original contract in terms of performance.The professionalism of commercial mediation institutions and mediators,as well as the establishment of specific procedures,ensure the legitimacy of mediation results,and mediation agreements have a conversion-based enforcement mechanism that goes beyond civil contracts.The Singapore Convention on Mediation grants direct enforceability to commercial mediation agreements,and China's enforcement authorities have the authority to review the agreements of which enforcement are applied for.To avoid the formation of a dual-track system in the field of effectiveness of domestic and international commercial mediation agreement,the fundamental approach is to vigorously develop and gradually improve legal system of China on commercial mediation and related issues.

关 键 词：商事调解 意思自治 非诉讼纠纷解决机制 履行协议 

分 类 号：DF714[政治法律—诉讼法学]