头颈鳞癌中西妥昔单抗耐药机制的研究进展  

Research progress on the mechanism of cetuximab resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

作　　者：彭碧 龙国贤 Peng Bi;Long Guoxian(Tongji hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei,430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《齐齐哈尔医学院学报》2025年第4期390-394,共5页Journal of Qiqihar Medical University

基　　金：中国初级卫生保健基金会(cphcf-2022-222)。

摘　　要：头颈部肿瘤(Head and neck cancer, HNC)起源于口腔、咽、喉、副鼻窦、鼻腔和唾液腺,鳞状细胞癌是最主要的组织学类型(>90%)。西妥昔单抗是针对表皮生长因子受体(Epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)的人/鼠嵌合单克隆抗体,它是美国FDA和我国NMPA唯一被批准用于R/M HNSCC的靶向治疗药物。在R/M HNSCC中,西妥昔单抗单药有效率仅13%,与含铂化疗联合有效率可达36%~59%。西妥昔单抗治疗耐药是HNSCC面临的最大挑战之一。HNSCC已知西妥昔单抗耐药机制包括AKT/PI3K通路、RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK通路、JAK/STAT通路、上皮间质转化和肿瘤干细胞等。本文通过探讨头颈鳞癌中西妥昔单抗的耐药机制,可能为HNSCC找到新的靶点或治疗策略,对提高HNSCC治疗获益,延长生存有重要意义,为头颈鳞癌患者找到新的希望。Head and neck cancer(HNC)originates from the oral cavity,pharynx,larynx,paranasal sinuses,nasal cavity,and salivary glands.Squamous cell carcinoma is the predominant histological type(>90%).Cetuximab,a human/mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),is the only targeted therapy drug approved by the US FDA and China's NMPA for R/MRSCC.In R/M HNSCC,the response rate of cetuximab alone is only 13%,and the response rate of cetuximab combined with platinum-containing chemotherapy is 36%-59%.Cetuximab treatment resistance is one of the biggest challenges HNSCC facing.The known mechanisms of cetuximab resistance in HNSCC include AKT/PI3K pathway,RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway,JAK/STAT pathway,epithelial mesenchymal transformation and tumor stem cells.By exploring the mechanism of drug resistance of cetuximab in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma,this paper may find a new target or treatment strategy for HNSCC,which is of great significance to improve the therapeutic benefits of HNSCC and prolong survival,and find new hope for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

关 键 词：头颈鳞癌 西妥昔单抗 耐药机制 

分 类 号：R739.91[医药卫生—肿瘤]