施氮量对枣苜间作系统苜蓿产量及土壤碳排放量的影响  

Effects of nitrogen fertilization rate on alfalfa yield and soil carbon emissions in jujube-alfalfa intrcropping system

作　　者：张淑婷 王进斌 李田甜 庞林斌 赵雅茹 陈国栋[1,2] ZHANG Shuting;WANG Jinbin;LI Tiantian;PANG Linbin;ZHAO Yaru;CHEN Guodong(College of Agriculture,Tarim University,Alar,Xinjiang 843300;Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Efficient Production for Specialty Crops in Arid Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Corps,Alar,Xinjiang 843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学农学院,新疆阿拉尔843300 [2]南疆干旱区特色作物遗传改良与高效生产兵团重点实验室,新疆阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《塔里木大学学报》2025年第1期59-66,共8页Journal of Tarim University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016FYC0501407);塔里木大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2023017)。

摘　　要：本试验通过研究枣苜间作系统中不同施氮量对土壤碳排放量、水热状况及苜蓿产量的影响,以确定高产低碳的氮肥施用量。采用大田试验,研究不同氮肥用量[0 kg·hm^(-2)(N0)、80 kg·hm^(-2)(N1)、160 kg·hm^(-2)(N2)和240 kg·hm^(-2)(N3)]对间作苜蓿土壤CO_(2)排放量、土壤温度、土壤水分、苜蓿产量、干物质变化的影响,并进行主成分分析。结果表明,N3(240 kg·hm^(-2))处理的间作苜蓿CO_(2)排放量最高,N0(0 kg·hm^(-2))处理间作苜蓿CO_(2)排放最低,CO_(2)排放量随着施氮量的增加而增加。不同氮肥用量处理的土壤温度随着时间推移呈先升后降的趋势,土壤温度主要受到季节变化的影响。随着氮肥用量的增加,土壤含水量呈先上升后降低的趋势,N2(160 kg·hm^(-2))处理的间作苜蓿土壤含水量最高,是N2处理能够显著提高苜蓿的产量、干物质重及干鲜比。施氮量的增加显著提高了土壤的碳排放量,而适宜的施氮量(N2)有利于提高枣苜间作系统土壤含水量、苜蓿产量。因此,从环境保护与高产需求的角度出发,N2处理的氮肥用量更有利于减少间作苜蓿土壤碳排放,并提高苜蓿产量。In this study,the effects of different nitrogen fertilization rates on soil carbon emissions,hydrothermal conditions and alfalfa yield in jujube alfalfa intercropping were studied to determine the nitrogen fertilizer application rate with high yield and low carbon.Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer dosages[0 kg·hm^(-2)(N0),80 kg·hm^(-2)(N1),160 kg·hm^(-2)(N2)and 240 kg·hm^(-2)(N3)]on soil CO_(2) emissions,soil temperature,soil moisture,alfalfa yield and dry mat ter changes in intercropping jujube alfalfa,and principal component analysis was carried out.The results showed that the CO_(2) emission of intercropping alfalfa was the highest in N3(240 kg·hm^(-2))treatment,and the lowest in N0(0 kg·hm^(-2))treatment,and the CO_(2) emission increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.The soil temperature of different nitrogen fertilizer rates increased first and then decreased with time,and the soil temperature was mainly affected by seasonal changes.With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer application,the soil water content first increased and then decreased,and the soil water content of intercropping alfalfa treated with N2(160 kg·hm^(-2))was the highest.N2 treatment could significantly increase the yield,dry matter weight and dryfresh ratio of alfalfa.The increase of nitrogen application rate significantly increased the carbon emission of soil,and the appropriate nitrogen use rate(N2)was beneficial to improve the soil water content and alfalfa yield of jujube alfalfa intercropping system.Therefore,from the perspective of environmental protection and high yield demand,the nitrogen fertilizer application rate of N2 treatment is more conducive to reducing soil carbon emissions and increasing alfalfa yield in intercropping.

关 键 词：施氮量 间作系统 苜蓿 土壤碳排放 产量 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学] S541.9[农业科学—园艺学]