空间望远镜滤光片转轮机构寿命试验研究  

Experimental Research on the Lifetime of the Filter Wheel Mechanism of a Space Telescope

作　　者：郭伟 许明明[1,2] 窦江培[1,2] 郭国强[3] 任培强 何金凝[1,2] 孔令一 张子豪 GUO Wei;XU Mingming;DOU Jiangpei;GUO Guoqiang;REN Peiqiang;HE Jinning;KONG Lingyi;ZHANG Zihao(Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210042,Jiangsu,China;Key Laboratory of Astronomical Optics&Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210042,Jiangsu,China;Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Institute,Shanghai 201600,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京天文光学技术研究所,江苏南京210042 [2]中国科学院天文光学技术重点实验室,中国科学院南京天文光学技术研究所,江苏南京210042 [3]上海航天精密机械研究所,上海201600 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《上海航天(中英文)》2025年第1期110-118,共9页Aerospace Shanghai(Chinese&English)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12103073,U2031210);中国空间站工程资助项目(201906)。

摘　　要：针对国内外空间运动机构热真空加速寿命试验主要集中在组件上,未能全面反映整机的长寿命性能。本文对空间环境下的巡天光学望远镜的长寿命滤光片转轮机构,设计了一种关于空间环境的热真空寿命试验方案,充分考虑了滤光片转轮在空间运行时面临的工况和严酷空间环境,开展了滤光片转轮机构的真空加速寿命试验,以验证固体润滑轴承组件、传动副固体润滑设计和整机性能是否满足在轨寿命要求。针对该滤光轮在轨转动8×10^(4)次的寿命要求,本文设计了详细的试验方案,并搭建了热真空环境试验系统。试验结果显示:寿命试验运行正常,累积转动1.6×10^(5)次。试验后对轴承进行了摩擦力矩和启动力矩复测,并对轴承组件进行了解剖分析。复测结果显示:轴承摩擦力矩和启动力矩与试验前一致,轴承润滑状态良好。试验后对蜗轮蜗杆副固体润滑进行高倍显微镜分析,结果显示,蜗轮蜗杆副润滑膜层均完好覆盖基底,润滑状态良好。试验后开展滤光片转轮整机性能测试,测试结果满足性能指标。加速热真空寿命试验结果验证了滤光片转轮寿命满足在轨长寿命任务要求,同时为其他空间运动机构的长寿命设计提供了依据,并为其他机构的寿命试验提供了参考思路。The thermal vacuum accelerated life tests of space motion mechanisms at home and abroad are mainly focused on the components,which cannot fully reflect the long life performance of the whole machine.In this paper,a thermal vacuum life test scheme is designed for the long-life filter wheel mechanism of an optical survey telescope in space environment.The working conditions and complex environmental factors of the filter wheel mechanism during space operations are fully considered,and the vacuum accelerated life test of the filter wheel mechanism is carried out to verify whether the solid lubrication bearing assembly,the transmission pair solid lubrication design,and the performance of the whole machine can meet the requirements of on-orbit life.According to the life requirement of the filter wheel rotating 8×10^(4) times in orbit,a specific test scheme is designed,and a thermal vacuum space environment test platform is built.The test results show that the life test runs normally and the cumulative rotation times is 1.6×10^(5).After the test,the bearing friction torque and starting torque are re-measured,and then the bearing assembly is dissected.The results show that the bearing friction torque and starting torque are the same as those before the test,and the bearing lubrication is good.After the test,the solid lubrication of the worm gear pair is analyzed by high power microscope.The results show that the worm gear pair base is covered by the lubrication film and the lubrication state is in good condition.After the test,the performance test of the filter wheel mechanism is carried out,and the test results meet the performance indices.The results of the accelerated thermal vacuum life test can verify that the life of the filter wheel can meet the requirements of the long-life mission in orbit,which can also provide a basis for the long-life design of other space motion mechanisms and provide a reference for the life tests of other mechanisms.

关 键 词：空间环境 长寿命 滤光片转轮 固体润滑 性能测试 寿命试验 

分 类 号：V416[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]