中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值预测缺血性脑卒中功能预后和并发症的研究进展  

Research progress in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of functional prognosis and complications in ischemic stroke

作　　者：李楚君 陈玉珍[2] 区秀丽 由天辉[3] LI Chujun;CHEN Yuzhen;OU Xiuli;YOU Tianhui(College of Nursing,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006;Department of Nursing,Jiangmen Central Hospital,Jiangmen Guangdong 529000;College of Continuing Education,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东药科大学护理学院,广州510006 [2]江门市中心医院护理部,广东江门529000 [3]广东药科大学继续教育学院,广州510006

出　　处：《临床与病理杂志》2024年第10期1440-1447,共8页Journal of Clinical and Pathological Research

摘　　要：缺血性脑卒中(ischemic stroke,IS)表现为大脑局部缺血梗死,引发神经细胞死亡,导致不同程度的神经功能缺损,易合并意识不清、肢体无力或言语不清等症状,患者生存质量下降,因此及早对预后不良患者进行识别尤为重要。IS发生后,体内免疫系统和炎症反应起重要作用,与患者的功能预后和并发症有密切的关系。中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio,NLR)为一个简易的新型综合性炎症指标,容易在血液检验中获得,并且能够综合反映全身免疫状况及炎症反应过程。NLR能反映IS发生时炎症反应的变化和平衡失调状况,对IS的出血转化、卒中相关性肺炎、卒中后谵妄、卒中后认知障碍、卒中后抑郁和卒中死亡等并发症发生和功能预后具有一定的临床预测价值,能为临床医务人员提供一种科学、可行的诊断支持,促进更准确和及时的临床决策,及早发现不良预后和并发症,并为早期给予相关的干预措施提供依据。Ischemic stroke(IS)is characterized by local ischemic infarction in the brain,leading to neuronal cell death and varying degrees of neurological dysfunction.It is commonly associated with symptoms such as altered consciousness,limb weakness,and speech impairment,all of which contribute to a decline in the patient’s quality of life.Therefore,early identification of patients with poor prognosis is crucial.After IS occurs,the immune system and inflammatory response play a key role and are closely related to the patient’s functional prognosis and complications.The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)is a simple and novel composite inflammatory marker that is easily obtained through blood tests and can comprehensively reflect the body’s immune status and inflammatory response process.NLR can indicate changes in inflammatory responses and imbalances during the occurrence of IS,and it has clinical predictive value for complications such as hemorrhagic transformation,stroke-associated pneumonia,post-stroke delirium,post-stroke cognitive impairment,post-stroke depression,and stroke-related mortality.It provides a scientific and feasible diagnostic support for clinicians,facilitates more accurate and timely clinical decision-making,helps detect poor prognosis and complications early,and supports early interventions.

关 键 词：中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值 缺血性脑卒中 功能 预后 并发症 预测 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]