谢林哲学中的狄奥尼索斯形象  

The Figure of Dionysus in Schelling's Philosophy

作　　者：先刚[1,2] XIAN Gang

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国哲学研究所 [2]北京大学美学与美育中心,北京100871

出　　处：《学术月刊》2025年第1期19-26,共8页Academic Monthly

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(北京大学外国哲学研究所)“西方哲学中的自我与主体性研究”(22JJD720003)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：谢林是近代首位对神话中的狄奥尼索斯形象进行系统研究的哲学家。他从“一神论”的概念出发,推演出真正唯一的神是三位一体的、包含三个潜能阶次的大全一体的神,从而在概念上论证了多神论或神话的必然性。狄奥尼索斯作为神话中唯一的贯穿全部潜能阶次的神,尤其在第二个潜能阶次或作为“第二位神”发挥着最重要的功能,亦即让绝对封闭的统一体过渡到多样性及其秩序。从这个角度看,谢林诠释的狄奥尼索斯与尼采诠释的狄奥尼索斯正好相反,是一位维护个体生命并代表着理性的神。Schelling was the first modern philosopher who undertook a systematic study of the mythological figure of Dionysus.Starting from the concept of monotheism",he deduced that the only true God is the triune God encompassing all three potentials,thus conceptually argued for the necessity of polytheism or mythology.Dionysus,as the only god in the mythology that runs through all three potentials,plays the most important function,especially in the second potential or as the"second god",i.e.,to convert the absolutely closed unity into diversity and its order.From this point of view,Schelling's Dionysus as a god who defends individual life and represents reason,is exactly the opposite of Nietzsche's Dionysus.

关 键 词：一神论 神话 大全一体 潜能阶次 狄奥尼索斯 

分 类 号：B5[哲学宗教—外国哲学]