闽江福州段河岸带土壤-植物系统重金属迁移富集研究  

Enrichment and migration of heavy metals in the soil-plant system of the riparian zone in the Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River

作　　者：关永鑫 胡喜生 闫淑君[1,3] 黄子宏 凌玲 孙玉婷 程敏 胡文静 Guan Yongxin;Hu Xisheng;Yan Shujun;Huang Zihong;Ling Ling;Sun Yuting;Cheng Min;Hu Wenjing(College of Landscape Architecture and Art,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Transportation and Civil Engineering,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Technology Innovation Center for Monitoring and Restoration Engineering of Ecological Fragile Zone in Southeast China,Ministry of Natural Resources,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学风景园林与艺术学院,福州350002 [2]福建农林大学交通与土木工程学院,福州350002 [3]自然资源部东南生态脆弱区监测修复工程技术创新中心,福州350001

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2025年第1期111-121,共11页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：福建省自然资源科技创新项目(KY-090000-04-2022-014)。

摘　　要：本研究分析了闽江福州段河岸带20种优势草本植物根茎叶和根际土壤的Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn含量,评估了该区域土壤重金属污染状况以及植物的重金属富集能力,并比较了植物不同器官对重金属富集和转运的差异。结果显示:(1)研究区域土壤除Pb含量低于背景值,其余元素均超背景值1.05~1.5倍,Cd是主要危害元素;(2)20种植物对Cd和Cu的富集能力较强,对Pb的富集能力最弱;(3)根和叶对重金属的富集能力强于茎,叶对重金属的转运能力强于茎;(4)白花鬼针草(Bidens pilosa L.)、紫茎泽兰(Ageratina adenophora R.M.King&H.Robinson)和龙葵(Solanum nigrum L.)的重金属综合富集能力排名前三,重金属生物富集系数分别为0.686、0.662和0.470,而苍耳(Xanthium strumarium L.)对土壤重金属的规避性较强。To elucidate the characteristics of heavy metal migration and enrichment within the soil-plant system of riparian zones,we analyzed the concentrations of Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb,and Zn in the roots,stems,leaves,and rhizosphere soil of 20 plants along the Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River.Soil heavy metal pollution levels and plant accumulation capacities were evaluated,alongside comparisons of heavy metal accumulation and translocation among plant organs.Results indicated that:(1)Pb levels in the riparian soil of the Fuzhou section were lower than background values,while Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,and Zn levels exceeded background values by 1.05 to 1.5 times,with Cd being the primary hazardous element;(2)Plants exhibited pronounced capabilities for Cd and Cu accumulation,but showed minimal accumulation of Pb;(3)Roots and leaves showed greater capacities for heavy metal accumulation than stems,with leaves also demonstrating a higher translocation ability for heavy metals than stems;(4)Among the 20 plant species studied,Bidens pilosa L.,Ageratina adenophora R.M.King&H.Robinson,and Solanum nigrum L.demonstrated the highest heavy metal accumulation capacities,with comprehensive bio-concentration indices of 0.686,0.662,and0.470,respectively.Xanthium strumarium L.exhibited a strong tendency for heavy metal avoidance in soil.

关 键 词：闽江 河岸带 土壤 草本植物 重金属富集 重金属迁移 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]