中国齐氏罗非鱼入侵现状与防控建议  

Invasion and management implications of Coptodon zillii in China

作　　者：邢盈 唐首杰[1,2,3] Temesgen Tola Geletu 赵金良[1,2,3] XING Ying;TANG Shoujie;Temes-gen Tola Geletu;ZHAO Jinliang(Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fishery Germplasm Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology,Haramaya University,Dire Dawa 138,Ethiopia)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [4]原马大学,生物科学与生物技术学院,埃塞俄比亚德雷达瓦138

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2025年第2期645-653,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划专项(2022YFC2601302);现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS⁃46)资助。

摘　　要：外来鱼类入侵对本地生态系统造成了严重威胁,已成为生态学家和自然资源保护者关注的焦点。1978年齐氏罗非鱼(Coptodon zillii)因水产养殖需要引入中国后,凭借其强大的生态适应性,已入侵到长江以南众多天然水系中,并有向北扩张的趋势。国内学者对齐氏罗非鱼入侵的研究起步相对较晚且主要集中于基础研究,总结其入侵生物学、提出可行的防控方法已成当务之急。本文综述了齐氏罗非鱼的起源、分布、生物学特征、传入途径、入侵现状、潜在危害和防控策略,分析了其入侵机制研究和管理存在的问题和挑战,提出其入侵生物学研究的未来发展建议,并总结为以下四点:(1)全面收集齐氏罗非鱼入侵本底数据;(2)阐明齐氏罗非鱼生活史可塑性与生态位变动模式和机制,解析其种群扩散模式,建立模型和情景以预测入侵的未来趋势;(3)利用新兴的多组学技术,筛选环境适应关键基因,解析齐氏罗非鱼快速适应环境的分子遗传基础;(4)在阐明入侵机制的基础上,逐步建立综合防控技术体系,为齐氏罗非鱼管理及防控提供新思路。The invasion of exotic fishes possesses a serious threat to local ecosystems and has received attention for ecologists and natural resource conservationists.In 1978,Coptodon zillii was firstly introduced into China for aqua⁃cultural purposes.Due to its strong ecological adaptability,it has already invaded into many natural water systems in south of the Yangtze River,with a tendency to expand to the north.However,domestic researches on the inva⁃sion of Coptodon zilli commenced relatively late,and had primarily focused on fundamental aspects.It is critically needed to summarize its invasion biology and hence put forward feasible prevention and control methods.Here,we give an overview of the origin,distribution,biological characteristics,pathways of introduction,invasion status,potential hazards and prevention and control strategies of Coptodon zillii,and analyze the problems and challenges of invasion mechanism research and management.We proposed four main aspects for the future development of in⁃vasion biology research:(1)comprehensively collecting background data of the invasion of Coptodon zillii;(2)elucidating the patterns and mechanisms of life history plasticity and ecological niche changes of Coptodon zillii,analyzing the population dispersal patterns,and establishing models and scenarios to predict the future trend of the invasion;(3)utilizing the emerging multi⁃omics technology to screen the key genes for environmental adaptation,and analyzing the molecular genetic basis of its rapid adaptation;(4)based on the elucidation of the invasion mechanism,gradually establishing an integrated prevention and control system to provide new ideas for prevention and control of Coptodon zillii.

关 键 词：齐氏罗非鱼 入侵 管理 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]