固定资产加速折旧政策影响企业研发创新水平的机理研究  

Research on the mechanism of the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets affecting the R&D innovation level of enterprises

作　　者：谷成[1] 陈青 张春雷 Gu Cheng;Chen Qing;Zhang Chunlei(School of Finance and Taxation,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,Dalian 116025,Liaoning,China;School of Finance and Taxation,Henan Finance University,Zhengzhou 451464,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]东北财经大学财政税务学院,辽宁大连116025 [2]河南财政金融学院财政税务学院,河南郑州451464

出　　处：《科研管理》2025年第2期108-118,共11页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目:“推动全国统一大市场建设的财税体制改革研究”(24&ZD066,2025.01—2029.12)。

摘　　要：创新是推动经济实现高质量发展的重要动力。本文以2014年和2015年实施的固定资产加速折旧政策作为一项准自然实验,构建多时点双重差分模型,实证检验了固定资产加速折旧政策对企业研发创新水平的影响及作用机理。研究发现,固定资产加速折旧政策能够显著促进企业提升研发创新水平。异质性分析表明,在对企业研发创新水平的影响方面,该政策对低市场化地区企业和成熟期企业的研发创新水平的激励效果更好。从影响机制来看,该政策主要通过促进企业加大研发投入和增加固定资产投资实现研发创新水平的提升。本文有助于理解固定资产加速折旧政策与企业研发创新水平之间关系的逻辑机理,为完善税收激励政策和促进经济转型升级提供经验证据,具有重要的理论和实践价值。Innovation is an important driving force to promote high-quality economic development.This paper takes the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets implemented in 2014 and 2015 as a quasi-natural experiment,constructs a multiple period DID model,and empirically tests the impact and mechanism of the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets on the level of R&D innovation of enterprises.The study found that the accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets can significantly promote enterprises to improve the level of R&D innovation.Heterogeneity analysis shows that in terms of the impact on the level of R&D innovation of enterprises,the policy has a better incentive effect on the level of R&D innovation of enterprises in low marketization areas and mature enterprises.From the perspective of the impact mechanism,the policy mainly improves the level of R&D innovation by promoting enterprises to increase R&D investment and increase fixed asset investment.This paper is helpful to understand the logical mechanism of the relationship between accelerated depreciation policy of fixed assets and R&D innovation level of enterprises,and provides empirical evidence for improving tax incentive policy and promoting economic transformation and upgrading,which has important theoretical and practical value.

关 键 词：税收激励 固定资产加速折旧政策 研发创新 多时点双重差分 

分 类 号：F273.1[经济管理—企业管理] F810.42[经济管理—国民经济]