《金史·百官志》姓氏谱与金朝姓族秩序的演变  

The Genealogy of Surnames in the History of Jin Dynasty:Bureaucracy and the Evolution of Clan Order in Jin Dynasty

作　　者：姜宇 Jiang Yu

机构地区：[1]山东航空学院黄河三角洲文化研究院,256600

出　　处：《中国边疆史地研究》2024年第4期34-44,217,218,共13页China's Borderland History and Geography Studies

摘　　要：《金史·百官志》姓氏谱是将《女直郡望姓氏谱》和金章宗重修之谱的内容重新整合而成。金朝官方姓氏谱的文本编修与谱中姓族秩序的演变有着密切关系,该谱在建国前及建国初的择姓标准,是以女真诸部部长姓号、女真军事贵族姓号、归附于金的部族名号为主。金熙宗时,随着新官制的颁布与实施,以及女真传统“猛安”“谋克”官称内涵的变化,该谱的择姓标准也随之发生变化,转为以收录位及三品及三品以上的非汉族人物的姓族名号为主。此种择姓标准,促使谱中姓族内部发生了不同程度的等级分化,推动了金朝姓族的秩序化、制度化运转,确保了金朝统治者“定姓族”政治目的的实现。The genealogy of surnames in the History of the Jin Dynasty:Bureaucracy integrates content from both the Genealogy of Direct Lineage Jurchen Noble Family Surnames and a revised version compiled during the reign of Emperor Zhangzong of the Jin Dynasty.The compilation and textual editing of the official surname genealogy are closely tied to the evolution of clan hierarchy within the dynasty.Prior to and shortly after the establishment of the Jin Dynasty,the criteria for selecting surnames were largely based on the names of Jurchen tribal chiefs,military nobility,and tribes that had submitted to Jin authority.However,during the reign of Emperor Xizong of Jin,the introduction and implementation of new official systems,coupled with changes to traditional Jurchen military titles such as“Meng'an(猛安)”and“Mouke(谋克),”prompted a shift in the criteria for selecting surnames for the genealogy.The focus shifted to include primarily officials holding positions of third rank or higher.This alteration in selection criteria led to varying degrees of hierarchical differentiation among the clans listed in the genealogy,fostering a more structured and institutionalized system within the Jin Dynasty's clan hierarchy.Ultimately,this development facilitated the Jin rulers'political objective of establishing a clearly defined clan order.

关 键 词：《金史·百官志》姓氏谱 姓族秩序 政治等级 政治文化 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]