以北京协和医院为例探讨外科手术效率与术中教学的平衡  

Exploration on the Balance Between Surgical Efficiency and Intraoperative Teaching Based on the Case of Peking Union Medical College Hospital

作　　者：赵欣[1] 吕晓虹 张玉石[1] ZHAO Xin;LYU Xiaohong;ZHANG Yushi(Department of Urology,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Beijing 100730,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医院泌尿外科,北京100730

出　　处：《中国继续医学教育》2025年第2期170-173,共4页China Continuing Medical Education

基　　金：中央高水平医院临床科研专项项目(2022-PUMCH-B-010)。

摘　　要：外科学教育是医学培养的教育体系中的重要组成部分,其核心目标是培养能够完成高质量手术操作的外科医生。随着医疗技术的不断进步和手术难度的提升,如何在保证手术效率的同时开展有效的术中教学,成为当前医学教育领域亟待解决的问题。目前国内外关于手术效率与术中教学平衡关系的系统性研究相对缺乏,特别是在具体实践层面缺少可操作性的指导方案。本研究通过文献梳理和实践总结,以北京协和医院泌尿外科为例,系统评估了影响该平衡的两大关键因素:上级外科医师的双重角色因素和住院医师相关因素。在此基础上,文章提出了一套兼顾手术效率与教学质量的培养方案。在保证手术安全和效率的前提下,为培养能够独立完成专科手术、具备临床问题处理能力的优秀外科医生提供理论依据,为教学医院开展术中教学提供了实践参考。Surgical education is an important part of the educational system of medical training,and its core goal is to train surgeons who can complete high-quality surgical operations.With the continuous progress of medical technology and the increase in the difficulty of surgery,how to carry out effective intraoperative teaching while ensuring surgical efficiency has become an urgent problem in the field of current medical education.At present,there is a relative lack of systematic research on the balanced relationship between surgical efficiency and intraoperative teaching at home and abroad,especially the lack of operable guidance programs at the level of specific practice.Through literature combing and practical summarization,this study systematically assessed two key factors affecting this balance:the dual-role factor of the surgical supervisor,and the factors related to the residents'individual competence and preparation.Taking the urology department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital as an example,this paper puts forward a set of training scheme that takes into account the efficiency of operation and the quality of teaching.Under the premise of ensuring surgical safety and efficiency,it provides a theoretical basis for training excellent surgeons who are able to independently perform specialized surgeries and have the ability to deal with clinical problems,and provides a practical reference for teaching hospitals to carry out intraoperative teaching.

关 键 词：手术教学 外科学 手术效率 医学教育 外科教育 泌尿外科 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]