事理说明语篇篇名的特点及制约因素分析  

Analysis of the Characteristics and Constraints of the Reasonable Expository Discourse Title

作　　者：王雯琪 Wang Wenqi(Beijing Normal University)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院

出　　处：《励耘语言学刊》2023年第2期257-275,共19页

摘　　要：事理说明语篇的篇名表现各异,可依据语法形式和语法功能划分其类型,并在此基础上探究篇名的特点和制约因素。事理说明语篇篇名的特点表现在具备较强说理导向性、虚拟互动性和隐喻表达三个方面。所有篇名均体现说理导向性,但是篇名的关联性有异导致说理导向性存在强弱差异。部分篇名具备虚拟互动性和隐喻表达,前者主要通过疑问、祈使、预指词和人称代词等语法手段来构建话轮和增强交互主观性;后者通过实体投射和属性投射两种隐喻运作机制来弱化事理抽象性和提升语篇趣味性。篇名之所以表现出上述特点,受到篇章特征、交际距离和元语用意识等多方面因素的制约。篇章宏观层面的话题性是篇名具备较强说理导向性的主要原因,篇章的逻辑性、抽象性和客观性以及交际距离的调整致使虚拟互动性和隐喻表达的产生,不同的元语用意识则是作者选择篇名表达方式的关键。The performance of the reasonable expository discourse titles is different,which can be divided into different types according to grammatical forms and grammatical functions.On this basis,the characteristics and constraints of discourse titles can be explored.The characteristics of the title of the discourse are manifested in three aspects:strong reasoning orientation,virtual interaction and metaphorical expression.All titles reflect reasoning orientation,but the different relevance of titles leads to internal differences in reasoning orientation.Some titles have virtual interaction and metaphorical expression.The former mainly constructs turns and enhances intersubjectivity through grammatical means such as questions,imperatives,prepositions,personal pronouns,etc.;the latter weakens the abstractness and enhances the interest of the text through the two metaphorical operation mechanisms of entity projection and attribute projection.The reason why the title shows the above characteristics is restricted by many factors,such as text characteristics,communicative distance and metapragmatic awareness.The topicality at the macro level of the text is the main factor for the title to have reasoning orientation.The logicality,abstraction and objectivity of the text and the adjustment of communicative distance to enhance reading interest are the causes of virtual interaction and metaphorical expression.Different metapragmatic awareness is the key to whether the title has virtual interaction and metaphorical expression.

关 键 词：事理说明语篇 篇名 虚拟互动 隐喻 元语用意识 

分 类 号：H15[语言文字—汉语]