超临界二氧化碳联用分子蒸馏萃取的艾叶精油成分分析及其生物活性探究  

Research on components analysis and biological activity of Artemisia argyi essential oil extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide combined with molecular distillation

作　　者：梁峰 郭玉英 王巧利 仵峰 王一飞 LIANG Feng;GUO Yuying;WANG Qiaoli;WU Feng;WANG Yifei(Department of Cell Biology,College of Life Science and Technology,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,Guangdong,China;Tongbai County Tea and Mugwort Industry Development Center,Nanyang 474750,Henan,China;Artemisia argyi Branch Center,National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Guangzhou 510632,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生命科学技术学院细胞生物学系,广东广州510632 [2]桐柏县茶艾产业发展中心,河南南阳474750 [3]国家中药现代化工程技术研究中心艾草分中心,广东广州510632

出　　处：《暨南大学学报(自然科学与医学版)》2025年第1期70-81,共12页Journal of Jinan University(Natural Science & Medicine Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(82373917);广州市重点研发计划项目(202206010008)。

摘　　要：目的:分析超临界二氧化碳联用分子蒸馏萃取的艾叶精油化学成分并对其抑菌、抗炎、抑制酪氨酸酶活性进行评价,指导艾叶精油在外用制剂中的应用。方法:通过超临界二氧化碳联用分子蒸馏来萃取艾叶精油;利用气相-质谱联用法(gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)分析艾叶精油的化学成分;采用滤纸片扩散法检测艾叶精油对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希氏菌、表皮葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、白念珠菌等5株供试菌的抑菌活性,采用微量二倍稀释法检测其最小抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration,MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);基于脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的巨噬细胞(RAW264.7细胞)炎症模型来考察艾叶精油对炎症因子白细胞介素-1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,iNOS)的mRNA表达水平的影响;基于人黑色素瘤细胞(A375细胞)模型来评价艾叶精油对酪氨酸酶活性和黑色素生成的影响。结果:从艾叶精油中共鉴定出132种化合物,其主要成分有α-松油醇(7.08%)、4-萜烯醇(6.45%)、β-石竹烯(5.83%)、桉油精(4.82%)、右旋龙脑(4.54%)、2-环己烯醇(3.82%)、右旋樟脑(3.09%)、香芹醇(1.49%)、α-侧柏酮(0.75%);艾叶精油对5株供试菌均表现出明显的抑菌活性,其中对白念珠菌呈高度敏感,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希氏菌、表皮葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、白念珠菌的MIC分别为1.88、3.75、7.50、15.00、0.94 mg/mL,MBC分别为1.88、7.50、15.00、30.00、1.88 mg/mL;艾叶精油能显著降低RAW264.7细胞IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、iNOS的mRNA表达水平(P<0.05);艾叶精油可显著抑制A375细胞中酪氨酸酶活性(P<0.05),使黑色素的生成明显减少(P<0.05)。结论:超临界二氧化碳联用分子蒸馏萃取的艾叶精油化学成分丰富,具有良Objective:To analyze the chemical components of Artemisia argyi essential oil(AAEO)extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide combined with molecular distillation and evaluate its antibacterial,anti-inflammatory and tyrosinase inhibitory activities,and to discuss the application of AAEO in external preparation.Methods:AAEO was extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide combined with molecular distillation.The chemical components of AAEO were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The inhibition zone diameter of AAEO against five test bacteria was tested by filter paper diffusion method,including Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC)were tested by broth microdilution method.The lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation model was used to investigate the effect of AAEO on the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-1β(IL-1β),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS).The effect of AAEO on tyrosinase activity and melanin production was evaluated by human melanoma cell(A375 cell)model.Results:A total of 132 compounds were identified from AAEO,the main components of which wereα-terpineol(7.08%),terpinen-4-ol(6.45%),β-caryophyllene(5.83%),eucalyptol(4.82%),endo-borneol(4.54%),2-cyclohexen-1-ol(3.82%),d-camphor(3.09%),carveol(1.49%),andα-thujone(0.75%).AAEO showed significant antibacterial activity against the five tested bacteria,among which Candida albicans was highly sensitive.The MICs against Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans were 1.88,3.75,7.50,15.00,0.94 mg/mL,and the MBCs were 1.88,7.50,15.00,30.00,1.88 mg/mL respectively.AAEO could reduce the mRNA expression levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α,iNOS in RAW264.7 cells significantly(P<0.05).AAEO could inhibit tyrosinase activity in A375 c

关 键 词：艾叶精油 气相-质谱联用法 抑菌 抗炎 抑制酪氨酶活性 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学] R285[医药卫生—中医学]