海绵城市建设背景下绿色屋顶结构特性分析与优化设计研究  

Research on Structural Characteristics Analysis and Optimization Design of Green Roofs in Context of Sponge City Construction

作　　者：张帅 李鹏程 杜世杰 李可心 李阳 赵建利 Zhang Shuai;Li Pengcheng;Du Shijie;Li Kexin;Li Yang;Zhao Jianli(Hebei Provincial Water Conservancy Engineering Bureau Group Co.,Ltd,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;Cangzhou Urban Remote Sensing&Intelligent Water Conservancy Technology Innovation Center Hebei Water Resources and Electric Power Engineering Institute,Cangzhou 061001,China;China Water Resources Beifang Investigation,Design and Research Co.Ltd.(BIDR),Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省水利工程局集团有限公司,石家庄050021 [2]河北水利电力学院沧州市遥感与智慧水利技术创新中心,河北沧州061001 [3]中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司,天津300222

出　　处：《黑龙江水利科技》2025年第2期39-48,共10页Heilongjiang Hydraulic Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省水利工程局集团有限公司科技计划项目(2024-08-CX-002);河北省省级水利科技计划项目(2024-39)。

摘　　要：绿色屋顶作为海绵城市低影响开发(LID)关键措施之一,广泛应用于城市绿色基础设施建设领域。针对绿色屋顶结构特性进行分析,开展结构优化设计研究,利用非线性有限元分析软件ANSYS建立计算模型,分别研究自身重力作用下的黑色屋顶、植被层压力荷载下绿色屋顶、最不利工况温度荷载绿色屋顶应力分布及裂缝的产生、分布情况。结果表明,绿色植被层压力荷载下柱和框架梁的衔接处,应力集中超过单轴抗拉强度,纵框架梁的中点位置出现较大应力集中;在温差作用下,屋顶面板的内力及应力由面板内外边缘差值决定,受拉发生在温度较低一侧,受压发生在温度较高一侧;面板挠度主要控制因素为垂直荷载;在负温差大的情况下,温度荷载最为不利,屋面板与框架梁衔接的区域应加强配筋;绿色屋顶施工时应加强柱顶加牛腿配筋处理,对上部屋面板的外边界区域和中心区域进行防裂处理。As one of the key measures for low impact development(LID)of sponge city,the green roof is widely used in the field of urban green infrastructure construction.According to the structural characteristics of the green roof,the structural optimization design research was carried out,and the nonlinear finite element analysis software ANSYS was used to establish the calculation model to study the stress distribution and crack generation and distribution of the black roof under its own gravity,the green roof under the pressure load of the green vegetation layer,and the green roof under the temperature load of the most unfavorable working condition.The results showed that the joint between the column and the frame beam under the pressure load of the green vegetation layer,where the stress concentration exceeded the uniaxial tensile strength,and there was a large stress concentration at the midpoint of the longitudinal frame beam;under the action of temperature difference,the internal force and stress of the roof panel were determined by the difference between the inner and outer edges of the panel.The tension occured on the side with lower temperature,and the compression occured on the side with higher temperature.The main control factor of panel deflection was vertical load,when the negative temperature difference was large,the temperature load was the most unfavorable,and the reinforcement should be strengthened in the area where the roof slab connected with the frame beam;during the construction of green roof,the reinforcement treatment of column top and bracket should be strengthened,and the crack prevention treatment should be carried out for the outer boundary area and central area of the upper roof slab.

关 键 词：绿色屋顶 结构特性 荷载 应力 优化设计 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程] TU986