水下仿生翼型设计及其水动力性能研究  

Underwater bionic rudder wing design and its hydrodynamic performance research

作　　者：赵长青 王梦豪 李健 许昊 孙铁志 ZHAO Changqing;WANG Menghao;LI Jian;XU Hao;SUN Tiezhi(School of Naval Architecture,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116024,China;The 705 Research Institute of CSSC,Xi’an 710077,China;State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis,Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment,Dalian 116024,China)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学船舶工程学院,辽宁大连116024 [2]中国船舶集团有限公司第七〇五研究所,西安710077 [3]工业装备结构分析优化与CAE软件全国重点实验室,辽宁大连116024

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2025年第2期136-144,共9页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

摘　　要：为了提升水翼的水动力性能,采用座头鲸鳍肢前缘波状结构作为设计参考,通过函数模型表达前缘型线,并结合新型翼型剖面,设计出一种新型仿生水翼模型。通过水洞试验,测量了仿生水翼和典型水翼的水动力性能,并采用数值仿真方法揭示了仿生水翼的增升减阻机理。试验结果表明:在雷诺数1.8×10^(5)至3.0×10^(5)范围内,仿生水翼展现出较为明显的增升减阻优势,其中升力性能最高提升14%,阻力性能最大优化47%。进一步深入分析数值结果并对比表面压力及流场结构可视化发现,与典型水翼相比,仿生水翼吸力面的低压峰值较高,前缘波状结构维持的高动量区显著减少了流动分离面积。此外,前缘型线的优化减少了由翼尖涡引起的诱导阻力,从而显著提升了水翼水动力性能。In order to enhance the hydrodynamic performance of the hydrofoil,a new bionic hydrofoil model is designed by adopting the humpback whale fin limb leading edge wavy structure as a design reference,expressing the leading edge profile through a function model,and combining with a new wing profile.The hydrodynamic performance of the bionic hydrofoil and the typical hydrofoil is measured through the water tunnel test,and the numerical simulation method is used to reveal the mechanism of the bionic hydrofoil’s lift and drag reduction.The test results show that in the Reynolds number range of 1.8×10^(5) to 3.0×10^(5),the bionic hydrofoil shows more obvious advantages of lift and drag reduction,in which the lift performance is increased by 14%at maximum and the drag performance is optimized by 47%at maximum.Further in-depth analysis of the numerical results and comparison of the surface pressure and flow field structure visualization show that:compared with a typical hydrofoil,the low-pressure peak on the suction surface of the biomimetic hydrofoil is higher,and the high-momentum region maintained by the leading edge wave structure significantly reduces the flow separation area.In addition,the optimization of the leading edge profile reduces the induced drag caused by the wingtip vortices,which significantly improves the hydrodynamic performance of the hydrofoil.

关 键 词：仿生水翼 增升减阻 流动分离 翼尖涡 

分 类 号：TJ01[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术] O35[理学—流体力学]