氧化应激在眼部疾病中的作用机制及治疗策略研究  

Study on the mechanism of oxidative stress in ocular diseases and therapeutic strategies

作　　者：王灿宇 杨锐煜 邵毅 廖萱[1] WANG Canyu;YANG Ruiyu;SHAO Yi;LIAO Xuan(Department of Ophthalmology of Affiliated Hospital,Medical School of Ophthalmology&Optometry,North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong 637000,Sichuan Province,China;Department of Ophthalmology,Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases,Shanghai 200080,China)

机构地区：[1]川北医学院附属医院眼科,川北医学院眼视光医学院,四川省南充市637000 [2]上海交通大学医学院附属第一人民医院眼科,国家眼部疾病临床医学研究中心,上海市200080

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2025年第3期247-252,共6页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

基　　金：四川省科技厅自然科学基金项目(编号:2023NSFSC0595);川北医学院附属医院科研发展计划重点项目(编号:2023ZD010)。

摘　　要：体内氧化与抗氧化防御机制之间的失衡会引发氧化应激,进而对机体、组织和细胞造成一系列损伤。眼睛因其长时间暴露于光线中以及具有高代谢、高耗氧的解剖特性,特别易于受到氧化应激的影响。此外,炎症、年龄增长、遗传因素和环境因素均可促进活性氧的生成,并削弱抗氧化防御机制,这些都是导致氧化应激进而引发眼部多种疾病的危险因素。本文旨在综述氧化应激在眼表疾病、青光眼、白内障、视网膜病变等眼部疾病中的作用机制;同时探讨通过调控氧化应激针对这些疾病的潜在治疗方法,为眼部疾病的诊断及治疗提供新的思路与方向。An imbalance between oxidative and antioxidant defense mechanisms in the body triggers oxidative stress,which causes a series of damages to the body,tissues and cells.The eye is particularly susceptible to oxidative stress due to its prolonged exposure to light and its anatomical characteristics of high metabolism and oxygen consumption.In addition,inflammation,aging,genetic and environmental factors can promote the production of reactive oxygen species and weaken antioxidant defense mechanisms,which are all risk factors for oxidative stress that can lead to a variety of ocular diseases.The aim of this paper is to review the mechanisms of oxidative stress in ocular diseases such as ocular surface diseases,glaucoma,cataract,and retinopathy.At the same time,the potential therapeutic approaches to these diseases by regulating oxidative stress are discussed,so as to provide new ideas and directions for the diagnosis and treatment of ocular diseases.

关 键 词：氧化应激 眼部疾病 发病机制 活性氧 抗氧化剂 

分 类 号：R770.4[医药卫生—眼科]