城市自然课堂:社区花园的自然教育模式探究  

Urban Nature Classroom:Exploring Nature Education Models Based on Community Gardens

作　　者：汪宏涛 陈静[1] WANG Hongtao;CHEN Jing(College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Tongji University,Shanghai,China,200092)

机构地区：[1]同济大学建筑与城市规划学院,上海200092

出　　处：《园林》2025年第3期108-114,共7页Landscape Architecture Academic Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“城市社区花园生态系统服务评价研究”(编号:32001364);上海同济城市规划设计研究院有限公司联合一般课题“城市生境优化关键技术研究”(编号:KY-2022-LH-B05);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“基于社交媒体分析的上海城市公园文化生态系统服务提升研究”(编号:22120240667)。

摘　　要：社区花园作为城市绿地系统的重要组成部分,正日益成为重建人与自然联系的关键途径。随着自然缺失症的加剧,社区花园被视为开展自然教育的理想场所,不仅能改善居民的身心健康,还推动了城市的可持续发展。通过梳理国内外关于社区花园和自然教育的研究,结合6个典型案例进行对比分析,揭示不同国家在社区花园自然教育发展方面的独特性。研究表明,国内社区花园多专注于青少年自然教育,并在政府政策和地方企业支持下迅速发展,以上海市为代表,其社区花园自然教育在数量和质量上均居全国前列。相比之下,国外社区花园的自然教育活动更倾向于自给自足,涵盖更广泛的年龄层,但政府和企业支持相对有限。总结社区花园自然教育的不同发展模式及其面临的挑战,旨在为社区花园的建设和自然教育的实施提供有益参考。Community gardens,as a vital component of urban green spaces,are increasingly becoming a key avenue for reconnecting people with nature.As the phenomenon of nature deficit disorder intensifies,community gardens are seen as ideal venues for conducting nature education,which not only enhances residents'physical and mental well-being but also promotes urban sustainability.This study reviews both domestic and international research on community gardens and nature education,using six typical cases for comparative analysis to reveal the unique characteristics of nature education development in different countries.The research fi nds that domestic community gardens often focus on nature education for youth and have rapidly developed under government policies and local enterprise support,with Shanghai leading in both quantity and quality of nature education in community gardens nationwide.In contrast,nature education activities in foreign community gardens tend to be more self-suffi cient and cover a broader age range,but with relatively limited government and corporate support.This study summarizes the different development models and challenges faced by nature education in community gardens,aiming to provide valuable references for the construction of community gardens and the implementation of nature education.

关 键 词：自然缺失症 城市绿地 社区花园 自然教育 可持续发展 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]