某自动炮推弹凸轮优化设计与试验研究  

Optimized Design and Test Verification of the Cam that Propels the Ammunition in an Automatic Gun

作　　者：郭竞尧 罗亚军[1] 任弘毅[2] 王国博 蔡冠雄[2] 王宏金 GUO Jingyao;LUO Yajun;REN Hongyi;WANG Guobo;CAI Guanxiong;WANG Hongjin(School of Aerospace Engineering,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an 710049,Shaanxi,China;Northwest Institute of Mechanical&Engineering,Xianyang 712099,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学航天航空学院,陕西西安710049 [2]西北机电工程研究所,陕西咸阳712099

出　　处：《火炮发射与控制学报》2025年第1期1-6,21,共7页Journal of Gun Launch & Control

摘　　要：针对某外能源驱动自动炮在推弹动作到位时会偶发弹药轴向解体而造成故障的问题,通过对实现推弹动作的推弹凸轮曲线进行分析,确定了运用摆线运动代替简谐运动的曲线优化思路。建立了摆线过渡段曲线通用方程并由自动炮循环图作为结构参数边界条件,经结构参数寻优获得凸轮曲线方程。经仿真对比,优化后较优化前的凸轮机构从动件运动加速度值整体有明显下降;完成了实物试验对比验证,将优化前后的凸轮实物分别装机进行模拟射击试验测试,测试结果与优化结果相符;后再经初步的实弹射击试验,弹药轴向解体现象暂未再次出现。优化结果证明了采用摆线运动曲线作为凸轮曲线过渡段可以有效地降低被凸轮从动部件驱动的弹药的受力状态。Aiming at the problem that the ammunition will accidentally disintegrate axially when an external energy-driven automatic gun pushes the ammunition to a predetermined position,the curve optimization idea of using cycloidal motion instead of simple harmonic motion is determined by analyzing the cam curve that achieves the action of the ammunition.The general equation of the cycloid transition curve is established,the structural parameters of the automatic gun cycle diagram are used as the boundary conditions,and the equation of the cam curve is obtained by parameter optimization.After simulation comparison,the acceleration value of the cam follower mechanism after optimization decreases significantly than that before optimization.The physical test verification was completed,and the cam before and after optimization was installed separately for simulated shooting test,and the test results matched the optimization results.After the preliminary shooting test,the axial disintegration phenomenon of the ammunition did not reappear.The optimization results show that using cycloid motion as the transition section in the cam curve can effectively reduce the force state of the ammunition driven by the driven parts of the cam.

关 键 词：自动炮 凸轮 优化设计 简谐运动 摆线运动 

分 类 号：TJ302[兵器科学与技术—火炮、自动武器与弹药工程]