汉语元语言否定认知加工:来自眼动实验的证据  

The Processing of Metalinguistic Negation in Chinesewith Eye-tracking Experimental Evidence

作　　者：赵旻燕[1] 沈晨杰 郭婷 徐之涵 耿燕川 董宇宸 ZHAO Min-yan;SHEN Chen-jie;GUO Ting;XU Zhi-han;GENG Yan-chuan;DONG Yu-chen(School of Foreign Languages,Ningbo University of Technology,Ningbo,Zhejiang,315000;School of Linguistic Sciences And Arts,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310000)

机构地区：[1]宁波工程学院外语学院,浙江宁波315000 [2]浙江大学语言与认知研究中心,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《贵州师范学院学报》2025年第1期76-84,共9页Journal of Guizhou Education University

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“基于语料库与眼动实验的汉语元语言否定及其认知加工研究”(20YJC740103);浙江省哲社规划课题“时间序列线索效应在老年人工作记忆训练中的应用”(24NDQN135YBM);浙江省普通本科高校“十四五”教学改革项目“跨学科背景下服务于‘一带一路’的工程技术翻译虚拟仿真实验教学示范基地建设”(jg20220605)。

摘　　要：元语言否定解读模式一直存在争议:一种观点认为否定句默认作描述性解读,与后续修正句产生语义矛盾,触发二次解读;另一种观点认为,否定句存在描述性和元语言两种解读可能,在后续修正句提供的语境支持下,可直接作元语言解读,无需二次加工。针对汉语元语言否定的认知加工进行了眼动追踪实验,在元语言否定和描述性否定两种条件下,测量了相同修正句的首次注视时间、第一遍阅读时间、回看时间、重读时间,以及总阅读时间。结果显示:无论早期加工还是后期加工,各项指标并无显著差异,说明元语言否定加工不涉及语义矛盾和重新阅读,实验不支持二次解读模式。跨语言对比显示,尽管元语言否定表达形式存在极大差异,其解读模式却仍具有一定普遍性。The interpretative processing of Metalinguistic Negation has always been debated:on the one hand,the negative clause is interpreted descriptively by default,which is semantically contradicted with the subsequent clarification clause,so it needs to be re-interpreted in order to obtain the metalinguistic meaning;on the other hand,based on relevance theory,it is believed that negation can be interpreted either descriptively or metalinguistically,and therefore,MN can be derived directly without re-interpretation so long as it is supported by sufficient cognitive context.An eye tracking experiment was carried out on Chinese DN and MN,in which the first fixation duration,the first-pass reading time,go-past reading time,re-reading time,and total reading time were measured.The experimental results show that there are no significant differences between the processing time of DN and MN on each measures,which indicates that there is no semantic contradiction nor re-reading featuring the re-interpretive model,and therefore provides no evidence for this model;4 languages differing in their expressive forms of negation were compared,and the same processing model was identified.It is therefore believed that the processing model of MN might be universal across languages.

关 键 词：元语言否定 描述性否定 认知加工 眼动实证研究 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]