马铃薯杂交后代农艺性状及块茎形态遗传分析  

Genetic Analysis of Agronomic Traits and Tuber Morphology in Potato Hybrid Offspring

作　　者：康嘉慧 黄美菁 李雅萍 孙成 王芳[1,2,3] KANG Jiahui;HUANG Meijing;LI Yaping;SUN Cheng;WANG Fang(College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China;Tibet Plateau Germplasm Resource Research and Utilization Laboratory,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农牧学院,西宁810016 [2]青海省农林科学院/青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室/青海省马铃薯育种重点实验室,西宁810016 [3]青海大学,青藏高原生物技术教育部重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2025年第1期1-7,14,共8页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：青藏高原特色种质资源鉴定、创新与优异基因挖掘(2022-ZJ-902);国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-09)。

摘　　要：为探究马铃薯杂交后代农艺性状及块茎形态的遗传分离规律,本研究对475份马铃薯杂交后代群体的5个农艺性状及5个块茎形态进行了后代变异分析、表型多样性分析、相关性分析、聚类分析。结果表明,马铃薯各性状表现出较高的遗传多样性,农艺性状与块茎形态之间存在着不同程度的相关性。杂交后代群体分离情况表明,小叶密集程度、薯皮颜色、薯块形状、表皮光滑度表现为母系遗传倾向;薯肉颜色、芽眼深度表现为父系遗传倾向。通过主成分分析共提取出5个主成分,累积贡献率为62.96%。在遗传距离为0.92处可将475份马铃薯杂交后代群体分为7个类群,每个类群的植株数量不同,其中类群Ⅶ包含植株数量最多,为151个,类群Ⅵ包含数量最少,为18个,各类群植株特点不同,可根据实际育种目标合理选择。To explore the genetic segregation patterns of agronomic traits and tuber morphology in potato hybrids,this study analyzed the progeny variation,phenotypic diversity,correlation,clustering,and principal component analysis of 475 potato hybrid progeny populations with respect to 5 agronomic traits and 5 tuber morphological traits.The results showed that the potato traits exhibited high genetic diversity,and there were varying degrees of correlation between agronomic traits and tuber morphology.The segregation analysis of the hybrid progeny population revealed that the degree of leaf density,skin color of tubers,tuber shape,and skin smoothness exhibited a maternal genetic tendency.Whereas flesh color of tubers and depth of eye buds showed a paternal genetic tendency.Through principal component analysis,5 principal components were extracted,with a cumulative contribution rate of 62.96%.At a genetic distance of 0.92,the 475 potato hybrid progeny populations can be divided into 7 groups,with differing numbers of plants in each group.Group Ⅶ contained the largest number of plants,totaling 151,while Group Ⅵ contained the fewest,with only 18 plants.The characteristics of the plants in each group varied,allowing for reasonable selection based on actual breeding goals.

关 键 词：马铃薯 农艺性状 块茎形态 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]