基于拔尖创新人才培养的高校学科专业结构优化研究  

Research on the optimization path of university discipline structure based on the cultivation of top innovative talents

作　　者：马晓双 MA Xiaoshuang(School of Marxism,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学马克思主义学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《高校教育管理》2025年第2期67-75,共9页Journal of Higher Education Management

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2023SJZDSZ008)。

摘　　要：高校学科专业结构作为拔尖创新人才培养的关键载体,其优化调整直接关系到拔尖创新人才的培养质量。从二者的互动关系出发,揭示了国家战略需求引导学科专业结构优化调整、学科专业结构优化支撑拔尖创新人才培养、拔尖创新人才培养成果反哺学科专业结构优化调整的良性循环机制。研究发现,当前高校学科专业结构存在四个突出问题:单一的学科专业教育模式制约了拔尖创新人才的个性化发展,学科专业设置细化与同质化阻滞了拔尖创新人才综合创新能力的培养,学科资源配置固化制约了拔尖创新人才的发展,封闭性的学科专业结构抑制了拔尖创新人才成长。针对这些结构性问题,高校要通过重构知识供给模式、打破学科专业分化壁垒、革新资源配置模式、构建开放协同体系形成拔尖创新人才培养与学科专业结构优化互动发展的格局。As the key carrier of the cultivation of top innovative talents,the optimization and adjustment of the discipline structure in universities is directly related to the quality of the cultivation of innovative talents.Starting from the interaction between the two,this paper reveals the virtuous cycle mechanism of the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents,which drives the optimization of disciplines and specialties,supports the cultivation of talents by the optimization of structure,and the cultivation results feed back the structural adjustment.The research finds that there are four outstanding problems in the current discipline structure of universities:the single-discipline education mode restricts the individual development of top-notch innovative talents,the fragmentation and homogenization of disciplines and specialties block the cultivation of comprehensive innovation ability of top-notch innovative talents,the solidification of discipline resource allocation restricts the development of top-notch innovative talents,and the closed discipline specialty structure inhibits the growth of top-notch innovative talents.To solve these structural problems,universities constructs a systematic optimization path:reconstructing the knowledge supply model,breaking the professional differentiation pattern,innovating the resource allocation model,and building an open collaborative system.This structural optimization system aims to promote the deep integration of top-notch innovative talent training and disciplinary professional construction.

关 键 词：拔尖创新人才 人才自主培养 学科专业结构 交叉学科 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]