水含量对多孔粒现场混装铵胺炸药性能的影响  

Effect of Water Content on the Performance of Porous Granular Ammonium Nitrate On-Site Mixed Ammonium Amine Explosive

作　　者：李天浩 吴红波[1] 汪泉[1] 黄文尧[1] 孙彦臣 牛草原 黄菓树 叶紫阳 LI Tianhao;WU Hongbo;WANG Quan;HUANG Wenyao;SUN Yanchen;NIU Caoyuan;HUANG Guoshu;YE Ziyang(School of Chemical and Blasting Engineering,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,Anhui,China;Zhongan United Coal Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Huainan 232000,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学化工与爆破学院,安徽淮南232001 [2]中安联合煤化有限责任公司,安徽淮南232000

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2025年第3期40-48,共9页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：安徽高校自然科学研究重大项目(2024AH040070)。

摘　　要：为研究水含量对多孔粒现场混装铵胺炸药性能的影响,通过控制水相中的水含量,制备5组不同水含量的现场混装铵胺炸药。使用扫描电镜观测多孔粒状硝酸铵的微观结构,用Brinkley-Wilson法计算了炸药的爆热和爆速。测试了不同水含量下多孔粒状硝酸铵的溶解度,以及铵胺炸药基质的黏度、炸药的浸水电导率和爆速。结果表明:当水的质量分数由9%增至17%时,铵胺炸药基质的混合均匀度增加,初始黏度由218539 mPa·s降至99443 mPa·s;不同水含量炸药浸水3 h后的电导率先由1.416 mS/cm降至1.234 mS/cm,后升至2.600 mS/cm;理论爆速由4943 m/s降至4716 m/s;实际爆速受到固体硝酸铵含量影响,先由3376 m/s增至3676 m/s,后下降至3631 m/s。实际生产中现场混装铵胺炸药中水的质量分数应控制在13%左右,此时炸药的抗水性最佳,实际爆速较高。In order to study the effect of water content on the performance of porous granular ammonium nitrate on-site mixed ammonium amine explosives,five groups of on-site mixed ammonium amine explosives with different water contents were prepared by controlling the water content in the aqueous phase.We used scanning electron microscope to observe the internal microstructure of porous granular ammonium nitrate,and Brinkley-Wilson method to carry out theoretical calculations on the heat of detonation and detonation velocity of the explosives.The solubility of porous granular ammonium nitrate at different water contents was tested,and the viscosity of the ammonium amine explosive matrix,the immersion conductivity and the detonation velocity were tested.The results show that with the increase of water mass fraction from 9%to 17%,the mixing homogeneity of ammonium amine explosive matrix increased,the initial viscosity decreases from 218539 mPa·s to 99443 mPa·s;the conductivity of the explosive immersed in water with different water content for 3 h first decreased from 1.416 mS/cm to 1.234 mS/cm,and then increases to 2.600 mS/cm;the theoretical detonation velocity decreases from 4943 m/s to 4716 m/s;the actual detonation velocity is affected by the content of solid ammonium nitrate,first increasing from 3376 m/s to 3676 m/s,and then decreasing to 3631 m/s.In actual production,the mass fraction of water in on-site mixed ammonium amine explosives should be controlled at approximately 13%.At this water content,the explosives exhibit optimal water resistance,and achieve a relatively high actual detonation velocity.

关 键 词：水含量 铵胺炸药 黏度 抗水性 爆速 

分 类 号：O521.3[理学—高压高温物理] O383[理学—物理]