从“依附”到“自主”:深度辅导对资优困难大学生发展的影响  

From“Dependence”to“Autonomy”:The Impact of Intensive Counseling on the Development of High-Achieving Low-Income Undergraduates

作　　者：刘海骅 朱琼[2] 聂倩 杨钋[2] 张佳宁 LIU Haihua;ZHU Qiong;NIE Qian;YANG Po;ZHANG Jianing(Peking University,Beijing 100871;East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]北京大学学生资助中心,北京100871 [2]北京大学教育经济研究所,北京100871 [3]华东师范大学教育学部,上海200062

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2025年第2期19-26,35,共9页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：北京市教育科学“十四五”规划优先关注课题“构建支持首都高质量发展的职业人才培养体系研究”(3017-0028)的研究成果。

摘　　要：以辅导员一对一谈心谈话为核心的深度辅导是助力资优困难大学生高效适应的重要途径,是消除教育过程与结果不平等的创新举措。基于北京大学学生资助中心“燕园起航”项目中的深度辅导活动,以自我主导理论和学习伙伴模型为基础,探究深度辅导对资优困难大学生发展的影响以及辅导员的角色。量化分析表明,深度辅导可以显著提升学生的通用能力和专业能力。质性分析发现,“看见”“共情”“授人以鱼与授人以渔”是辅导员进行深度辅导的三大策略。在深度辅导过程中,辅导员实现了从监督者、管理者到陪伴者、支持者的角色转变,学生实现了从“依附”到“自主”的转型。建议完善高校深度辅导活动的外部支持系统,发挥非经济支持计划在资优困难大学生发展中的积极作用。Intensive counseling activities,centered around one-on-one conversation between undergraduates college counselors,serve as an innovative approach for assisting high-achieving low-income undergraduates’adaptation college life,eliminating potential inequality in educational process and outcome.Focusing on intensive counseling activities within the“Yanyuan Qihang Program”of the Student Financial Aid Center at Peking University,this paper investigates the impact of these activities on the development of high-achieving low-income undergraduates,as well as the role of counselors.Based on self-authorship theory and learning partnership model,quantitative analysis finds that intensive counseling significantly enhances students’general and professional abilities.Qualitative analysis reveals that“seeing”,“empathizing”,and“giving a man a fish and teaching him how to fish”are the three major strategies for counselors in conducting intensive counseling.During the intensive counseling process,counselors have transformed from supervisors and managers to companions and supporters,and students have transformed from“dependence”to“autonomy”.Universities shall enhance their external support system for intensive counseling,in order to maximize the impact of non-financial support for high-achieving lowincome undergraduates.

关 键 词：资优困难大学生 自我主导理论 学习伙伴模型 深度辅导 

分 类 号：G645.5[文化科学—高等教育学]