冰冻圈人文地理环境研究:文献分析与主要研究领域特点  

Cryosphere human geography environment:literature analysis and key field characteristics

作　　者：王世金 强文丽[2] 陆志波[3] 李春兰[4] 秦悦 WANG Shi-Jin;QIANG Wen-Li;LU Zhi-Bo;LI Chun-Lan;QIN Yue(Yulong Snow Mountain Cryosphere and Sustainable Development Field Science Observation and Research Station/Midui Glacier-Guangxie Glacial Lake Disaster Field Science Observation and Research Station,State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;Center for Geopolitical and Strategic Studies,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,冰冻圈科学与冻土工程全国重点实验室,玉龙雪山冰冻圈与可持续发展野外科学观测研究站/米堆冰川-光谢错冰湖灾害野外科学观测研究站,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [3]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [4]华东师范大学世界地理与地缘战略研究中心,上海200241

出　　处：《气候变化研究进展》2025年第1期32-43,共12页Climate Change Research

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项资助(XDB0950202);甘肃省科技重大专项计划(23ZDFA017,22ZD6FA005);冰冻圈科学与冻土工程全国重点实验室自主部署项目(CSFSE-TZ-2403、2410)。

摘　　要：冰冻圈人文地理环境是研究冰冻圈区人类活动(人口、生计、文化、经济、政治等)的地理分布格局及其演化规律的一门学科,与冰冻圈科学、气候变化科学、环境科学、社会学等学科紧密关联。该学科主要关注冰冻圈区人类活动、人类如何适应冰冻圈环境,以及这些环境变化对人类社会的综合影响。研究显示:(1)对1970—2024年间的相关文献进行计量分析发现,原住民关键词出现频率最高,与其他关键词关联度也最高,可持续发展、文化、气候变化适应、社区、健康紧随其后,这些关键词具有显著地位,是冰冻圈人文地理环境研究的重点和热点。(2)关键词聚类形成“气候变化适应、政治、可持续发展、原住民、航道、健康、食物安全、资源、文化和旅游”10个最具代表性的集群。(3)1990—2020年间,北极地区人口数量呈小幅减少趋势,青藏高原地区呈增长态势,受冰冻圈环境限制,人口跨区域迁徙较弱。(4)冰冻圈文化以海猎、狩猎、游牧传统文化为主,宗教以原始多神教为主,民族及其语言多元,受现代生活方式和气候变化影响显著。(5)环北极冰冻圈地区以传统驯鹿和渔业活动为主,矿产-油气资源开发主要由企业运营,海冰减少促进了环北极国家的进出口贸易;青藏高原冰冻圈区经济结构以畜牧业为主。(6)冰冻圈旅游机遇与风险并存。气候变暖使冰冻圈旅游舒适度增加,环北极旅游可达性也在增强,但是中低纬地区冰雪资源受变暖影响显著,已危及滑雪旅游可持续性。(7)极地冰盖和海冰消融加速,增强了极地资源的可获取性。因涉及多国利益,各国都意图拓展领土或势力范围,获取更多资源,致使大国间博弈不断加强。中低纬冰冻圈地缘政治问题主要聚焦于“水冲突”。鉴于气候变化对冰冻圈人文地理环境影响显著,未来应多关注冰冻圈区原住民生计与福利水平提升、The cryosphere human geography and environment is a discipline to study geographical distribution pattern and evolution law of human activities(population,livelihood,culture,economy,politics,etc.)in the cryosphere,which is closely related to cryosphere science,climate change science,environmental science,sociology and other disciplines.This discipline mainly focuses on human activities in the cryosphere region,how humans adapt to the cryosphere environment,and the comprehensive impact of these environmental changes on human society.The results show that:(1)During 1970-2024,the keyword of indigenous people have the highest frequency and the highest correlation with other keywords,followed by sustainable development,culture,climate change adaptation,community and health.These keywords have a prominent position and are the focuses and hot spots of the research on the human geographical environment of the cryosphere.(2)Keyword clustering forms the 10 most representative clusters of“climate change adaptation,politics,sustainable development,indigenous people,channel,health,food security,resources,culture and tourism”.(3)From 1990 to 2020,the population in the Arctic showed a slight decrease trend,while the population in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau showed an increase trend.Due to the restriction of the cryosphere environment,the inter-regional population migration was weak.(4)The cryosphere culture is dominated by the traditional culture of sea hunting,hunting and nomadism;the religion is dominated by primitive polytheism;the ethnic and linguistic diversity;and it is significantly affected by modern lifestyle and climate change.(5)The Arctic cryosphere is dominated by traditional reindeer industry and fishing activities,while the exploitation of mineral,oil and gas resources is mainly operated by enterprises.At the same time,the loss of Arctic sea ice has boosted the import and export trade of Arctic countries.The regional economic structure of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau cryosphere is dominated by animal husbandry

关 键 词：冰冻圈 人文地理 环境 特征 

分 类 号：G353.1[文化科学—情报学] K901[历史地理—人文地理学]