基于最小二乘法的电池管理系统绝缘快检方法  

A fast insulation test method for battery management system based on least squares method

作　　者：孙林 刘江峰 杨依楠 张超 刘义强 裴乙橦 SUN Lin;LIU Jiangfeng;YANG Yinan;ZHANG Chao;LIU Yiqiang;PEI Yitong(Ningbo Geely Royal Engine Components Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo,Zhejiang Province,315336;Zhejiang Geely Powertrain Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo,Zhejiang Province,315800)

机构地区：[1]宁波吉利罗佑发动机零部件有限公司,浙江宁波315336 [2]浙江吉利动力总成有限公司,浙江宁波315800

出　　处：《电池工业》2025年第1期24-30,共7页Chinese Battery Industry

基　　金：混合动力车辆低碳化智能化技术攻关项目(2023CSJGG1500)。

摘　　要：为提高电池管理系统(BMS)对新能源车辆高压电池的绝缘检测能力,基于不平衡电桥法,设计绝缘检测电路,搭建绝缘检测流程。但常规绝缘检测方法周期长,不能满足绝缘快检技术要求,故在MATLAB/Simulink软件开发平台上提出一种基于最小二乘法的绝缘检测方法。经过车辆以及HIL台架大量测试,结果表明:常规绝缘检测方法的精度高、检测周期长,只适用于循环检测;最小二乘法绝缘快检方法的检测周期短,在3 s内即可完成绝缘阻值计算,绝缘阻值较小时,该快检方法的检测精度高,对绝缘故障识别精准度高,完全能够满足绝缘快检技术要求。该快检方法为一种创新式绝缘快检方法,可以补充车辆上电前绝缘检测空窗期,实现对高压电池不间断绝缘检测,保障电池高压安全。In order to improve the insulation detection capability of battery management system(BMS)for the high-voltage batteries of new energy vehicles,the insulation detection circuit is designed based on the unbalanced bridge method,and the insulation detection process is built.However,the conventional insulation detection method has a long cycle,it cannot meet the technical requirements of insulation quick detection,so an insulation detection method based on the least squares method is proposed on the MATLAB/Simulink software development platform.After a lot of testing of vehicles and HIL bench,the results show that the conventional insulation detection method has high accuracy,long detection cycle,only suitable for cyclic detection;the least square insulation quick detection method,short detection period and can complete insulation resistance value calculation within 3 s,When the insulation resistance value is small,the detection accuracy is high,and the insulation fault identification is highly accurate,which can fully meet the technical requirements of insulation quick test.This method is an innovative insulation test method,which can supplement the empty window period of insulation test before vehicle power on.Realize the uninterrupted insulation detection of the high-voltage battery,and ensure the high-voltage safety of the battery.

关 键 词：高压系统 不平衡电桥法 绝缘检测 最小二乘法 绝缘快检 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]