试论北朝制瓦手工业生产模式的发展  

Research on the Development Model of the Roof Tile Craft Industry during the Northern Dynasties

作　　者：吕梦 Lv Meng

机构地区：[1]日本金城大学人间社会科学部

出　　处：《考古与文物》2025年第2期89-95,共7页Archaeology and Cultural Relics

摘　　要：本文通过对大同云冈石窟窟顶西区寺院、洛阳永宁寺、邺城大庄严寺3座遗址中出土瓦制品的分析,探讨北朝制瓦手工业生产模式的变化。北魏平城后期,黑光瓦出现并成为高等级建筑用瓦的主体。其后,瓦制品的标准化程度提高,工具差异减小,瓦上铭文也多次变化。该过程表明北朝官府对瓦制品生产的管控在逐渐增强,而不断集中化的生产模式体现了北朝城市营建对建筑材料日益增长的需求,也反映出社会经济状况的变化。This study aims to elucidate the types of roof tile production in the Northern Dynasties,through analyzing the remains unearthed from high-class Buddhist temples,including the Buddhist Temple in the western zone of the top of the Yungang Grottoes in Datong,the Yongning Temple in Luoyang,and the Dazhuangyan Temple in Yecheng.It shows that in the later period of the Pingcheng period of the Northern Wei Dynasty,polished black roof tiles were created and were largely used on roofs of high-class buildings.Production of the new type of roof tiles then improved,in which standardization of products increased,differences among tools reduced,and inscriptions on roof tiles also changed.These improvements indicate that the control over roof tile production by government had become more and more powerful in the Northern Dynasties,which implies increasing needs for building materials in the construction of cities,as well as economic development and social change in this period.

关 键 词：北朝 瓦制品 制瓦手工业 生产模式 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]