高速航行体出水空泡流动实验及其教学应用  

WATER-EXIT CAVITATION FLOW EXPERIMENT OF HIGH-SPEED VEHICLE AND ITS TEACHING APPLICATION

作　　者：方明 陶成梁 马贵辉 邓沐聪 于志超 FANG Ming;TAO Chengliang;MA Guihui;DENG Mucong;YU Zhichao(College of Shipbuilding Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学船舶工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《力学与实践》2025年第1期221-227,共7页Mechanics in Engineering

基　　金：哈尔滨工程大学船舶与海洋工程实验教学中心资助。

摘　　要：出水航行体的壁面空泡流动特性是跨介质冲击动力学研究的典型问题,同时也是实验研究的重点。出水航行体弹射时壁面空泡流会发生剧烈的形态变化,由于流场变化复杂,往往难以捕捉空泡演化的具体过程。如果让学生亲自操作实验,将剧烈的空泡形态可视化并呈现在学生面前,这将会成为很好的实验教学案例,加强学生对相关理论的理解。为了精确捕捉航行体表面空泡流的形态,本文采用水下弹射实验装置,通过高速摄像机拍摄航行体水下弹射的过程,对空泡形态演化规律进行探索。在此基础上,利用高速摄像机和光学成像纹影仪进行纹影实验,探究航行体出水过程中的波动现象和表面流动演化过程。The wall cavitation flow characteristics of the underwater vehicle is a typical problem in the study of cross-media impact dynamics,and it is also the focus of experimental research.The cavity flow on the surface of the water-exit vehicle will undergo dramatic morphological changes during ejection.Due to the complex changes of the flow field,it is often difficult to capture the specific process of cavity evolution.If students are allowed to operate the experiment personally and visualize the severe cavitation morphology personally,it will become a good experimental teaching case and strengthen students' understanding of relevant theories.In order to accurately capture the shape of the cavitation flow on the surface of the vehicle,this paper uses the underwater ejection experimental device to explore the evolution law of the cavitation shape by shooting the underwater ejection process of the vehicle with a high-speed camera.On this basis,the schlieren experiment was carried out by using high-speed camera and optical imaging schlieren to explore the fluctuation phenomenon and surface flow evolution process of the vehicle during the water exit process.

关 键 词：跨介质 肩空泡 尾空泡 实验教学 实验装置 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]