构建同人口变化相协调的基本公共教育服务供给机制  

Constructing a Basic Public Education Service Supply Mechanism that is Coordinated with Population Changes

作　　者：邬志辉[1] 王秦 WU Zhi-hui;WANG Qin(China Institute of Rural Education Development,Northeast Normal University,Changchun 130024,China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学中国农村教育发展研究院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《东北师大学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期1-10,共10页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：研究阐释党的二十届三中全会精神国家社会科学基金重大专项(24ZDA030)。

摘　　要：当前我国学龄人口变化总体呈现三大趋势:一是总量上先波峰、后波谷的“波浪式”新生人口走势;二是分布上增区少、减区多的“分化式”区域人口态势;三是类型上变化大、问题多的“焦点式”特殊人口形势。学龄人口变化对基本公共教育服务供给产生重要影响,学龄人口总量变动影响了各个阶段公共教育服务,学龄人口空间变动影响了不同区域公共教育服务,学龄人口类型变动影响了各种特殊公共教育服务。要树立战略思维、类型思维、辩证思维、系统思维、创新思维,坚持两点论、重点论和具体论,在辩证统一中确立同人口变化相协调的基本公共教育服务供给机制。学龄人口增长区要确立属地供给原则、统筹学位供求矛盾、实施教师优化配置、构建“钱随生走”机制。学龄人口减少区要重塑办学质量提升机制、完善教师配置优化机制、建立特型资源标准机制、厘清经费需求保障机制。学龄人口稳定区要分类型、找定位、强服务、提质量,确保基本公共教育服务优质均衡供给。Currently,there are three major trends in the overall changes of China's school-age population:firstly,the“wave type”trend of new population with a peak and then a trough in the total amount;The second is the“differentiated”regional population trend with fewer areas of increase and more areas of decrease in distribution;The third is the“focal type”special population situation with significant changes in type and many problems.The changes in the school-age population have a significant impact on the supply of basic public education services.The changes in the total school-age population affect public education services at various stages,the spatial changes in the school-age population affect public education services in different regions,and the changes in the types of school-age population affect various special public education services.We should establish strategic thinking,type thinking,dialectical thinking,systematic thinking,and innovative thinking,adhere to the two-point theory,key theory,and concrete theory,and establish a basic public education service supply mechanism that is coordinated with population changes in dialectical unity.The school-age population growth areas should establish the principle of territorial supply,coordinate the contradiction between supply and demand of enrollment opportunity,implement optimized allocation of teachers,and build a“money follows people”mechanism.In areas with a decreasing school-age population,it is necessary to reshape the mechanism for improving the quality of education,improve the mechanism for optimizing teacher allocation,establish a standard mechanism for special resources,and clarify the mechanism for ensuring funding needs.The stable areas of school-age population should be classified and positioned,with strong services and improved quality,to ensure high-quality and balanced supply of basic public education services.

关 键 词：人口变化 基本公共教育服务供给机制 人口增长区 人口减少区 人口稳定区 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]