论德性伦理学的科学心理学基底——基于南希·斯诺的德性人格特质观  

On the Scientific Psychological Substrate of Virtue Ethics-Based on Nancy E.Snow's View of Virtuous Personality Traits

作　　者：沈俊宇 SHEN Jun-yu(College of Marxism,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学马克思主义学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《东北师大学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第2期71-78,共8页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目(18AZX006)。

摘　　要：当代德性伦理学将德性的心理意蕴作为批判现代道德哲学的重要依据,然而,它也遭到“哲学情境主义”的质疑和挑战。哲学情境主义者借鉴社会心理学中情境主义实证研究的成果,否定德性的实在性:德性作为一种人格特质或性格特征,在实际上并不具有稳定的心理事实基础。这一观点的提出,引发了西方德性伦理学领域关于德性实在性的广泛而深入的论辩。南希·斯诺以认知心理学为背景,通过CAPS人格特质理论揭示了德性与心灵的内在关联,并将德性融入经验充分的人格特质之中。她强调德性特质的动机作用,并对德性特质的心理机制进行了心理科学解释,提出自我塑造的德育发展构想,形成了一种基于情境—心理意义的德性人格特质观,不仅为德性提供了坚实的经验基础,而且赋予当代德性伦理学一个坚实的科学心理学基础。作为一种跨学科的新兴研究方法,德性人格特质观为当代德性论的发展开辟了新的途径。Contemporary virtue ethics regards the psychological implications of virtue as an important basis for critiquing modern moral philosophy.However,it has also been questioned and challenged by“philosophical contextualism”.Philosophical contextualists such as Doris draw on the empirical research results of contextualism in social psychology to deny the reality of virtue:as a personality trait or character trait,virtue does not actually have a stable psychological fact basis.The proposal of this viewpoint has triggered extensive and in-depth debates in the field of Western virtue ethics about the reality of virtue.Nancy Snow,with a background in cognitive psychology,revealed the intrinsic connection between virtue and the mind through the CAPS personality trait theory,and integrated virtue into fully experienced personality traits.She emphasized the motivational role of virtue traits,and provided a psychological scientific explanation for the psychological mechanism of virtue traits.She proposed a self-shaping moral development concept,forming a view of virtue personality traits based on contextual-psychological significance.This not only provides a solid empirical foundation for virtue,but also endows contemporary virtue ethics with a solid scientific psychological foundation.As an interdisciplinary emerging research method,it opens up new avenues for the development of contemporary virtue theory.

关 键 词：德性伦理学 德性心理学 南希·斯诺 人格特质 德育构想 

分 类 号：D82-0[政治法律—政治学] B84-0[政治法律—外交学]