压缩机叶片材料阻尼比的测量研究  

Research on the Measurement of Material Damping Ratio of Compressor Blade

作　　者：郭婷 Ting Guo(Shengu Group Co.,Ltd.;Dalian Turbine Machinery Technology Development Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]沈鼓集团股份有限公司 [2]大连透平机械技术发展有限公司

出　　处：《风机技术》2025年第1期80-85,共6页Chinese Journal of Turbomachinery

基　　金：大连市重点研发项目(2024YF11GX002)。

摘　　要：压缩机叶片的振动疲劳分析需要准确地获得叶片的动应力。根据振动理论,动应力是阻尼的函数,计算动应力必须已知材料的阻尼特性。因此,对阻尼的研究是计算叶片强度的重要因素。叶片运行中的材料阻尼是在交变应力作用下,基体材料的显微组织产生能量耗散引起的内阻。金属的材料阻尼比约为0.01%~0.1%,为获得压缩机叶片材料阻尼的准确数值,需开展振动试验进行测量,通过基于频域或时域的信号进行阻尼识别与计算。本文对比半功率带宽法、对数衰减法以及包络图拟合法的计算精度,研究合理的材料阻尼比的测量方法,以提高叶片疲劳安全性的评价精度。The vibration fatigue analysis of compressor blades needs to obtain the dynamic stress accurately.According to vibration theory,dynamic stress is the function of damping.Calculating dynamic stress requires the damping characteristics of the material.Therefore,the study of damping is very important for the blade strength design.The material damping is the internal resistance caused by energy dissipation of the microstructure of the substrate material under alternating stress.The damping ratio of metal materials is about 0.01%~0.1%.In order to obtain accurate values of damping for compressor blade materials,vibration tests need to be carried out.Damping identification and calculation are carried out based on frequency domain or time domain signals.The calculation accuracy of half-power bandwidth method,logarithmic attenuation method,and envelope fitting method are compared,and a reasonable measurement method for material damping ratio is studied to improve the evaluation accuracy of blade fatigue safety.

关 键 词：振动疲劳 动应力 材料阻尼比 半功率带宽 对数衰减法 包络线拟合法 

分 类 号：TH452[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TG113.2[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]