金沙江中游水电站对植被时空变化的影响  

Effects of Hydropower Station on the Temporal and Spatial Changes of Vegetation in the Middle Reaches of the Jinsha River

作　　者：张家铮 朱大明[1] 王德智 戴祚敏 ZHANG Jiazheng;ZHU Daming;WANG Dezhi;DAI Zuomin(College of Land and Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic Plants and Watershed Ecology,Wuhan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,China;Danjiangkou Wetland Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]中国科学院武汉植物园,中国科学院水生植物与流域生态重点实验室,武汉430074 [3]中国科学院丹江口湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站,武汉430074

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2025年第1期326-337,共12页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(32030069);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(32101525)。

摘　　要：[目的]探究水电站群对植被时空变化的影响,阐明植被变化对水电站建设和气候因子的响应关系,为区域可持续发展和水电站可持续运营提供可靠的科学依据。[方法]利用归一化植被指数(NDVI)来反映植被变化,以谷歌地球引擎(GEE)为运算平台,耦合ModTrendr算法、Theil Sen-MK、贡献度分析、偏相关分析方法探究2000—2022年金沙江中游水电站对植被时空变化的影响,并分析气候在其中的效应。[结果] 1)负向突变集中于2011—2014年,突变区域集中于集水区。正向突变集中于2015年和2017年,突变区域集中于河岸5 km缓冲区范围内。植被产生积极响应的时间为蓄水后1~4 a,突变强度沿河岸向外逐渐减弱;2)各水电站周边植被NDVI整体呈上升趋势(0.000 2~0.002 8/a),在建设前、建设中、运营后呈升(平缓)-降-升趋势;3)区域植被变化主要受到人类活动(水电站建设)与气候变化的共同作用,可解释度达69.12%,人类活动的贡献度远高于气候变化的贡献度。4)温度、降水与NDVI偏相关系数分别为-0.28和-0.29,温度、降水在水电站不同阶段偏相关系数差别较大,表明水电站影响区域气候。[结论]水电站在修建期间对植被造成消极影响,运营后对植被产生积极影响,水电站建设对植被的影响高于气候变化的影响,且水电站的修建可能影响局部气候,温度和降水与植被NDVI整体相关性降低。[Objective]To explore the effects of hydropower stations on the temporal and spatial changes of vegetation,clarify the response relationship of vegetation changes to hydropower station construction and climate factors,and provide a reliable scientific basis for regional sustainable development and sustainable operation of hydropower stations.[Methods]Normalized vegetation index(NDVI)was used to reflect the vegetation change.Google Earth Engine(GEE)was used as the computing platform,coupled with ModTrendr algorithm,Theil Sen-MK,contribution degree analysis and partial correlation analysis methods to explore the effects of hydropower stations in the middle reaches of the Jinsha River on the spatial and temporal changes of vegetation during 2000—2022,and the effects of climate it were analyzed.[Results]1)The negative mutations were concentrated from 2011 to 2014,and the mutation area was concentrated in the catchment area.The forward mutation was concentrated in 2015 and 2017,and the mutation area was concentrated within the 5 km buffer zone of the riverbank.The time for vegetation to produce positive response was 1—4 years after the water was impounded,and the mutation intensity gradually weakened along the riverbank.2)The vegetation NDVI around each hydropower station presented an overall upward trend(0.0002—0.0028/a),and an upward(gentle)-downward-upward trend before,during and after hydropower station construction.3)Regional vegetation change was mainly caused by the joint action of human activities(hydropower station construction)and climate change,and the explanation degree was 69.12%.The contribution of human activities was much higher than that of climate change.4)The partial correlation coefficients of temperature,precipitation and NDVI were-0.28 and-0.29,respectively.The partial correlation coefficients of temperature and precipitation differed greatly in different stages of hydropower stations,indicating that hydropower stations would affect regional climate.[Conclusion]Hydropower stations have a ne

关 键 词：金沙江中游 水电站 GEE 时空格局分布 ModTrendr 贡献度 气候响应 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]