“拼爹”还是“拼搏”——家庭资本对高校毕业生城市间就业流动的影响  

Competition of Family Background versus Personal Efforts:The Impact of Family Capital on the Intercity Migration of University Graduates

作　　者：劳昕 刘皓妍 张逸秀 崔璨[2] Lao Xin;Liu Haoyan;Zhang Yixiu;Cui Can(School of Economics and Management,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;School of Geographic Sciences,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)经济管理学院,北京100083 [2]华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海200241

出　　处：《热带地理》2025年第2期210-222,共13页Tropical Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42101226、42171233)。

摘　　要：基于2022年8个城市78所高校应届毕业生就业流动问卷调查数据,采用嵌套Logit模型分析家庭资本(经济资本、文化资本和社会资本)对高校毕业生城市间就业流动的影响以及内在作用机制。结果表明:1)家庭资本对高校毕业生就业流动产生显著正向影响,家庭资本水平越高,毕业生越倾向于流向高等级城市;2)不同家庭资本水平的毕业生在就业流动过程中关注的因素不同:家庭资本水平较高的毕业生更关注城市经济因素和城市舒适度因素;3)在家庭资本影响毕业生就业流动的过程中,毕业生通过高等教育获得的人力资本(学历、学校类型、学生干部身份、学习成绩、证书、实习经历)发挥了显著的正向中介作用和一定的负向调节作用。In recent years,the number of Chinese university graduates has been progressively increasing,and their employment situation has become increasingly poor under the influences of the COVID-19 epidemic and downward economic pressure.The employment issue of university graduates has attracted considerable attention.The migration of university graduates is synthetically affected by multiple factors including individual-,family-,and city-level factors.A systematic theoretical framework of the influencing mechanism of the migration of university graduates,which combines these factors,is lacking.Moreover,extant studies have scarcely investigated the migration of university graduates from the overall perspective of family capital,let alone different factors considered by graduates with different family capital levels in the migration decision-making process.The role of human capital in the relationship between the family capital and migration of graduates still remains unknown.To address this gap,based on first-hand survey data on the migration of new graduates from 78 universities in eight cities in 2022,this study employs a nested logit model to examine the influencing factors on the intercity migration of university graduates from both the individual and city levels,and reveals the dual influencing mechanism of family capital(economic,cultural,and social capital)and human capital(education qualification,university type,student cadre status,academic records,certificates,and internship experience).The results demonstrate that:1)Family capital exerts a significantly positive impact on the intercity migration of university graduates.Graduates with higher levels of family capital are more inclined to move to higher-level cities.Compared with graduates whose parents have an annual income level below 90 thousand RMB and highest education qualification below a college degree,graduates whose parents have an annual income level above 90 thousand RMB and highest education qualification above a college degree are more likely to flo

关 键 词：高校毕业生 城市间就业流动 家庭资本 人力资本 中介效应 调节效应 

分 类 号：C961[经济管理—人力资源管理]