云南省部分民族6-18岁学生超重肥胖现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis of overweight and obesity prevalence and influencing factors among students aged 6-18 from various ethnic groups in Yunnan Province

作　　者：邓淑珍[1] 黄鑫[1] 常利涛[1] 曹云贤 DENG Shuzhen;HUANG Xin;CHANG Litao;CAO Yunxian(Yunnan Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Kunming,Yunnan 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2024年第12期1550-1556,共7页Chinese Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析云南省部分民族在校学生超重肥胖流行现状,探讨相关因素对超重肥胖的影响及各因素间的网络关系,为预防儿童青少年肥胖提供科学依据。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取云南省7个民族6~18岁学生开展体质健康调查,采用单因素分析及多因素logistic回归分析各变量对超重肥胖的影响,并进行变量初筛,采用禁忌搜索算法构建贝叶斯网络模型,探索各因素间的网络关系。结果本研究共调查18751人,超重肥胖2604人(13.89%),学生超重肥胖检出率由高到低依次为汉族、纳西族、白族、佤族、傈僳族、傣族和哈尼族,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=183.794,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,少数民族(OR=0.77,95%CI:0.70~0.85)、女性(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.71~0.85)、高年级(初中OR=0.87,95%CI:0.77~0.98、高中OR=0.78,95%CI:0.68~0.90)、父母支持运动(OR=0.87,95%CI:0.78~0.97)、喝牛奶或豆浆(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.65~0.86)、力量训练(OR=0.89,95%CI:0.81~0.99)与超重肥胖的发生呈负相关;独生子女(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.09~1.34)、父母至少1人大专及以上学历(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.13~1.45)、体育课感到累(OR=1.48,95%CI:1.26~1.76)、放学后静坐学习时间≥2 h(OR=1.13,95%CI:1.01~1.25)、上学日睡眠时间<9 h(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.05~1.35)与肥胖发生呈正相关。贝叶斯网络模型显示,1周内喝牛奶或豆浆和上学日睡眠时间与肥胖直接相关,父母支持运动、1周内力量训练、性别、年级和放学后静坐学习时间与肥胖间接相关。结论2014-2019年云南省儿童青年的超重肥胖率呈上升趋势,各民族间存在差异,除保持睡眠充足、饮食健康、适量运动外,获得学校和家庭的环境支持对进一步降低在校学生肥胖发病率同样重要。Objective To analyze the prevalence of overweight and obesity among various ethnic groups in schools in Yunnan Province,exploring the influencing factors and their interrelationships to provide scientific evi-dence for the prevention of obesity in children and adolescents.Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was employed to select students aged 6-18 from seven ethnic groups in Yunnan Province for a physical health survey.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were utilized to explore the impact of differ-ent variables on overweight and obesity.A preliminary variable screening was conducted,followed by the con-struction of a Bayesian network model using a taboo search algorithm to explore the interrelationships among fac-tors.Results 18751 individuals were investigated in this study,with a detection rate of 13.89%(2604/18751)for overweight and obesity.The detection rates of overweight and obesity among students ranked from highest to lowest were in the Han,Naxi,Bai,Wa,Lisu,Dai,and Hani ethnic groups,with statistically signifi-cant differences(x2=183.794,P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression results revealed that being from an eth-nic minority(OR=0.77,95%CI:0.70-0.85),female gender(OR=0.78,95%CI:0.71-0.85),higher grade levels(junior high school OR=0.87,95%CI:0.77-0.98,senior high school OR=0.78,95%CI:0.68-0.90),parents supporting sports(OR=0.87,95%CI:0.78-0.97),consumption of milk or soybean milk(OR=0.75,95%CI:0.65-0.86),and strength training(OR=0.89,95%CI:0.81-0.99)were negatively correlated with the occurrence of overweight and obesity.On the contrary,being an only child(OR=1.21,95%CI:1.09-1.34),having at least one parent with a college degree or above(OR=1.28,95%CI:1.13-1.45),feeling fatigued dur-ing physical education(OR=1.48,95%CI:1.26-1.76),spending≥2h studying after school(OR=1.13,95%CI:1.01-1.25),and sleeping<9 h on school days(OR=1.19,95%CI:1.05-1.35)were positively corre-lated with the occurrence of overweight and obesity.The Bayesian network model indicated that week

关 键 词：超重 肥胖 儿童 青少年 贝叶斯网络模型 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科]