基于生物力学模拟和小波包变换的行人头部碰撞频响特性  

Frequency Response Characteristics of Pedestrian Head under Impacts via Biomechanical Simulation and Wavelet Packet Transform

作　　者：李桂兵 王新禹 徐盛康 李奎 邱金龙 LI Guibing;WANG Xinyu;XU Shengkang;LI Kui;QIU Jinlong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hunan University of Science and Technology,Xiangtan 411201,Hunan,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traffic Injury and Vehicle Ergonomics,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学机电工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]交通伤与人机工效重庆市重点实验室,重庆400016

出　　处：《医用生物力学》2025年第1期194-201,共8页Journal of Medical Biomechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32171305);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2023JJ30246)。

摘　　要：目的 探索车辆碰撞中的行人头部动力学响应频域特性及其与时域损伤指标之间的相关性。方法 通过基于人体模型的有限元仿真模拟不同边界条件下的行人头部与车辆碰撞过程,采用小波包信号分析方法处理获得仿真中的行人头部频域响应。结果 发罩区域碰撞的行人头部能量主要分散在0~300 Hz频带,风挡区域碰撞头部能量则主要集中在0~5 Hz频带;行人头部碰撞频带能量峰值随其线性和旋转速度增大呈上升趋势,且线性速度较高时旋转速度对频带能量峰值的影响更显著;发罩和风挡区域碰撞的头部频带能量峰值与颅骨损伤评价时域指标的线性相关性R~2分别为0.85和0.61,但其与脑损伤评价时域指标的相关性相对较低(R~2<0.5)。结论 行人头部频域响应特征受碰撞速度和位置影响,频带能量峰值可潜在表征颅骨损伤风险,但频带能量峰值所在频段及集中程度与头部损伤风险不相关。研究结果可为结合时频响应的头部钝性冲击损伤评价提供参考。Objective To explore the frequency domain characteristics of pedestrian head dynamic response in vehicle collisions and investigate the correlation between frequency domain parameters and time domain injury criteria.Methods Finite element modelling based on human body model was used to simulate the process of pedestrian head-vehicle impacts,and the wavelet packet signal analysis method was employed to obtain the frequency domain response of pedestrian head in the simulations.Results The head energy under impacts at the bonnet area was mainly dispersed in the 0-300 Hz frequency band,while the head energy under impacts at the windshield area was mainly concentrated in the 0-5 Hz frequency band.The peak energy of frequency band for pedestrian head generally increased with the increase of linear and rotational speed,and the influence of rotational speed on the peak energy of frequency band was more significant when the linear speed was higher.The linear correlation R2 between the peak energy of the head frequency band caused by the collision between the bonnet and windshield area and the time-domain criterion for skull injury were 0.85 and 0.61,respectively.But their correlation with the time-domain indicators for brain injury evaluation was relatively low(R2<0.5).Conclusions The frequency domain response characteristics of pedestrian heads are affected by collision speed and location.The peak energy of the frequency band can potentially characterize the risk of skull injury,but the frequency band and concentration of the peak energy in the frequency band are not related to the risk of head injury.This study can provide references for the evaluation of head blunt injury combined with time-frequency response.

关 键 词：车辆碰撞 行人头部 头部损伤 频响特性 人体模型 小波包 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]