全断面隧道掘进机导向定位技术综述  

Review of Guidance and Positioning Technologies for Full-face Tunnel Boring Machines

作　　者：贺泊宁 HE Boning(China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Corporation Limited,Changsha 410100)

机构地区：[1]中国铁建重工集团股份有限公司,长沙410100

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2025年第1期1-9,共9页Modern Tunnelling Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3802300).

摘　　要：高精度、高可靠度的导向定位技术对于全断面隧道掘进机的顺利施工至关重要。通过回顾导向技术的发展历程,包括多棱镜法、激光靶法、惯性导航法、油缸并联法、计算机视觉法等,从系统原理、施工环境等方面分析各导向技术在工程应用中的适用条件和存在的问题。研究表明,环境干扰、硬件故障、操作错误、设备变形等是导向技术使用中引起故障的主要原因;在实际工程中,应针对不同掘进机应用场景选择合适的导向技术,并从多源信息融合算法开发、变形补偿、轨迹规划等方面开展研究,以提升导向技术的精度和可靠性。High-precision and reliable guidance and positioning technology is crucial for the successful operation of full-face tunnel boring machines(TBMs).By reviewing the development history of guidance technologies,including the multi-prism method,laser target method,inertial navigation method,hydraulic cylinders parallel method,and computer vision method,this paper analyzes the applicability and existing challenges of each guidance technology in engineering applications from the perspectives of system principles and construction environments.The study identifies major causes of failures during use,including environmental interference,hardware malfunctions,opera-tional errors,and equipment deformation.In practical engineering,appropriate guidance technology should be se-lected based on the specific application scenario of the TBM.Further research should focus on multi-source infor-mation fusion algorithms,deformation compensation,and trajectory planning to improve the accuracy and reliability of the guidance technology.

关 键 词：全断面隧道掘进机 导向系统 多棱镜法 激光靶法 惯性导航 多源信息融合 

分 类 号：U455.43[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]