上行社会比较对高职学生就业焦虑的影响:反刍思维的中介作用和生命意义感的调节作用  

Impact of upward social comparison on employment anxiety among vocational college students:The mediating role of rumination and the moderating role of meaning in life

作　　者：封慰 布宇博 王常乐 张曼玉 FENG Wei;BU Yubo;WANG Changle;ZHANG Manyu(Psychological Development Service Center,Student Affairs Office,Jiang Su Food and Pharmaceutical Science College,Huaian 223003,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏食品药品职业技术学院学生工作处,淮安223003 [2]淮阴师范学院学生工作处 [3]泰州学院学生工作处

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2025年第3期464-470,共7页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：2023年度江苏省教育科学规划项目(编号:C/2023/01/94)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨上行社会比较对高职学生就业焦虑的关系及其作用机制。方法:采用上行社会比较量表、反刍思维量表、就业焦虑量表和生命意义感问卷对7613名高职学生进行调查。结果:(1)上行社会比较正向预测高职学生就业焦虑(β=0.53,t=56.27,P<0.001);(2)反刍思维在上行社会比较和高职学生就业焦虑之间起部分中介作用(中介效应占比41.51%);(3)生命意义感调节了上行社会比较对高职学生就业焦虑的直接作用及反刍思维的中介作用。结论:上行社会比较对高职学生就业焦虑具有预测作用,既包括上行社会比较的直接效应,还包括反刍思维的间接效应,生命意义感对上述路径均具有调节作用。Objective:To explore the relationship between upward social comparison and employment anxiety among vocational students,as well as the underlying mechanisms.Methods:A total of 7613 vocational college students were surveyed using the Upward Social Comparison Scale,Rumination Scale,Employment Anxiety Scale,and Meaning in Life Questionnaire.Results:(1)Upward social comparison positively predicted employment anxiety among vocational college students(β=0.53,t=56.27,P<0.001);(2)Rumination partially mediated the relationship between upward social comparison and employment anxiety(accounting for 41.51%of the mediation effect);(3)Meaning in life moderated both the direct effect of upward social comparison on employment anxiety and the mediating effect of rumination.Conclusion:Upward social comparison has a predictive effect on employment anxiety of vocational college students,which includes the direct effect of upward social comparison,and the indirect effect of rumination.Meaning in life has a moderating role on all the above paths.

关 键 词：高职学生 上行社会比较 就业焦虑 反刍思维 生命意义感 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] B844.2[医药卫生—医学心理学]