不确定需求下考虑客户差异的协同配送成本分摊策略研究  

A Cost Allocation Strategy of Collaborative Distribution Considering Customer Differences with Uncertain Demand

作　　者：刘达[1,2,3] 姜珊 李金孟 LIU Da;JIANG Shan;LI Jinmeng(School of Economics and Management,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;Institute of Smart Energy,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of New Energy and Low-Carbon Development,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学经济与管理学院,北京102206 [2]华北电力大学智慧能源研究所,北京102206 [3]华北电力大学新能源电力与低碳发展研究北京市重点实验室,北京102206

出　　处：《工业工程》2025年第1期90-98,共9页Industrial Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFB1707802)。

摘　　要：多家物流企业通过协同配送展开合作,可以有效降低配送成本并促进物流运输行业的低碳发展。然而,随着客户需求和偏好的多样化发展,不同客户对于企业配送效益的贡献程度存在差异,导致协同配送企业之间的成本分摊关系愈发复杂。为此,本文探讨了不确定需求下考虑客户价值差异的协同配送成本分摊问题。运用鲁棒优化方法刻画客户需求不确定性,建立协同配送成本量化模型;构建客户价值评估模型,提出考虑客户价值差异的改进Shapley值法,并给出协同配送成本分摊调整策略。数值实验表明:应用本文所提的改进Shapley值法后,协同配送成本分摊的有效性和公平性得到提高。研究成果不仅从服务客户的角度丰富了现有的成本分摊理论,而且为合作企业提供了一种公平且有效的成本分摊方法。Collaborative distribution among multiple logistics enterprises can effectively reduce distribution cost and promote low-carbon development in the logistics and transportation industry.However,with the diversity of customer demand and preferences,the varying contribution degree of different customers to enterprise distribution efficiency complicates the cost allocation relationship among collaborative distribution enterprises.To this end,this paper discusses the cost allocation problem of collaborative distribution considering customer value differences with uncertain demand.A robust optimization method is used to capture the uncertainty of customer demand,and a quantification model of collaborative distribution cost is established.Furthermore,a customer value evaluation model is developed,while an improved Shapley value method considering customer value differences is proposed,along with a cost allocation adjustment strategy of collaborative distribution.Numerical experiments show that the effectiveness and fairness of cost allocation in collaborative distribution are improved by the proposed Shapley value method.The results not only enrich the existing cost allocation theory from the perspective of serving customers,but also provide a fair and effective cost allocation method for collaborative enterprises.

关 键 词：协同配送 不确定需求 成本分摊 客户差异 改进Shapley值 

分 类 号：F270.5[经济管理—企业管理]