湖南省野生莼菜原生环境调查  

Investigation on the Original Habitats of Brasenia schreberi J.F.Gmel.in Hunan Province

作　　者：董佳伟 汪端华[2] 刘周斌 杨建国[2] 陈天鑫 吴双花 李倩 刘英 DONG Jia-wei;WANG Duan-hua;LIU Zhou-bin;YANG Jian-guo;CHEN Tian-xin;WU Shuang-hua;LI Qian;LIU Ying(College of Horticulture,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,PRC;Hunan Vegetable Research Institute,Changsha 410125,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学园艺学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南省蔬菜研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2025年第1期45-52,共8页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划子课题(2021YFD1200201);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助(CARS-24-G-20);湖南省蔬菜产业技术体系(HARS-04)。

摘　　要：通过收集湖南省莼菜资源和实地考察,发现湖南省已证实的莼菜资源有安仁莼菜(1处)、桂东莼菜(3处)、茶陵莼菜(1处)和宜章莼菜(2处)。对莼菜资源原生水、土、气候环境各项指标进行调查,并对水、土环境检测数据进行显著性差异分析、相关性分析和主成分分析。结果表明:根据显著性差异分析,茶陵莼菜水环境中氨氮、钙、铬、镁和钠含量分别为0.5087、9.1967、0.001307、2.4233和3.9867 mg/L,土环境中全氮、全磷和有机质含量分别为5.0533、0.8200和205.0000 g/kg,水解氮和有效磷含量分别为482.0000和2.6667 mg/kg,在多项指标上均高于其他原生境;通过相关性分析和主成分分析,了解项检测指标之间的关联情况,并发现在水环境中pH值以及锌、铅、铬、砷和镁的含量是导致差异的主要因素,在土环境中pH值以及有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾和有效磷含量是主要的差异因素。The Brasenia schreberi J.F.Gmel.resources in Hunan Province were collected and investigated.The field investigation identified 7 original habitats of B.schreberi resources in Hunan Province,which were mainly in Anren(1),Guidong(3),Chaling(1),and Yizhang(2)counties.Furthermore,the original water,soil,and climatic environment of B.schreberi resources were investigated.The significant difference test,correlation analysis,and principal component analysis were performed for the soil and water environmental data.The results showed that in Chaling,the content of ammonia nitrogen,calcium,chromium,magnesium,and sodium in the water environment of B.schreberi was 0.5087,9.1967,0.001307,2.4233,and 3.9867 mg/L,respectively.The content of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and organic matter in the soil was 5.0533,0.8200,and 205.0000 g/kg,and that of hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus was 482.0000 and 2.6667 mg/kg,respectively.Multiple indicators in Chaling were higher than those in other original habitats.The correlation analysis and principal component analysis revealed the correlations between various detection indicators.The results suggested that pH and the content of zinc,lead,chromium,arsenic,and magnesium in the water environment,as well as pH and the content of organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,and available phosphorus in the soil environment,were the main factors with differences among different habitats.

关 键 词：莼菜 原生环境调查 显著性 相关性 主成分 湖南 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]