不同造林模式下2个树种在矿山迹地植被修复中的表现研究  

Performance of Two Tree Species in Vegetation Restoration of Mining Sites under Different Afforestation Modes

作　　者：严毅 金智伟 杨利明 铁筱睿 李天禄 徐钡昌 YAN Yi;JIN Zhiwei;YANG Liming;TIE Xiaorui;LI Tianlu;XU Beichang(Kunming Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming 650221,China;Haikou Forest Farm,Kunming 650114,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明市林业和草原科学研究所,云南昆明650221 [2]昆明市海口林场,云南昆明650114

出　　处：《林业调查规划》2025年第1期30-33,39,共5页Forest Inventory and Planning

基　　金：昆明市海口林场博士后工作扶持站专项经费。

摘　　要：为了解不同树种、不同造林模式在矿山迹地植被修复中造林成活率、保存率及初期生长表现,在昆明市海口林场废弃磷矿山进行了2个树种、3种造林模式的造林试验。结果表明,不同造林模式造林成活率和保存率差异极显著(P<0.01),华山松的造林成活率(100%)远高于滇青冈(89.76%),2个树种纯林的保存率远大于混交林的保存率;不同造林模式下林分生长量之间树高差异极显著(P<0.01)、地径生长量之间差异显著(0.01<P<0.05),滇青冈表现出较高的树高生长量(混交林30.83 cm,纯林17.10 cm),华山松树高生长量均不高(纯林0.64 cm、混交林0.52 cm);滇青冈纯林和混交林地径生长量表现适中(纯林0.64 cm、混交林0.52 cm),而华山松纯林和混交林地径生长量表现出两个极端(纯林0.83 cm、混交林0.47 cm);2个树种造林保存率与地径生长量呈极显著正相关,树高生长量与地径生长量呈显著负相关。认为华山松和滇青冈在矿山迹地植被修复中有很强的适应性,不同造林模式对造林成活指标和生长指标影响较大;综合多性状评价,滇青冈混交林成效最好,其次为华山松纯林、滇青冈纯林,华山松混交林成效最差。In order to understand the survival rate,preservation rate,and initial growth performance of different tree species and afforestation modes in vegetation restoration of mining sites,afforestation experiments were conducted on two tree species and three afforestation modes in the abandoned mine sites of Haikou Forest Farm in Kunming City.The results showed that the survival rate and preservation rate of different afforestation modes were significantly different(P<0.01).The survival rate of Pinus armandi(100%)was much higher than that of Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides(89.76%),and the preservation rate of pure forest was much higher than that of mixed forest.Under different afforestation modes,there were significant differences in stand height(P<0.01)and ground diameter growth(0.01<P<0.05).The height growth of Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides was high(30.83 cm in mixed forest and 17.10 cm in pure forest),while the height growth of Pinus armandi was not high(0.64 cm in pure forest and 0.52 cm in mixed forest),the diameter growth of pure forest and mixed forest of Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides was moderate(0.64 cm in pure forest and 0.52 cm in mixed forest),while the diameter growth of pure forest and mixed forest of Pinus armandi showed two extremes(0.83 cm in pure forest and 0.47 cm in mixed forest).There was a significant positive correlation between forest conservation rate and ground diameter growth of the two species,and a significant negative correlation between tree height growth and ground diameter growth.In conclusion,Pinus armandi and Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides had strong adaptability in the vegetation restoration of mine sites.Different afforestation models had great influence on the survival index and growth index of afforestation.The results of comprehensive multi-character evaluation of mixed forest of Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides were the best,followed by pure forest of Pinus armandi and pure forest of Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides,and mixed forest of Pinus armandi was the worst.

关 键 词：造林模式 矿山迹地 植被修复 华山松 滇青冈 树高生长量 成活率 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S721[农业科学—林木遗传育种]